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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the MOA of statins?
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Inhibition of HMO-CoA Reductase in the liver. This triggers increased LDL receptor expression and thus increased LDL clearance.
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List the 6 most common statins
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(LSAFRP)
Lovastatin Simvastatin Atorvastatin Fluvastatin Rosuvastatin Pravastatin |
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What statin is used in patients who require cyclosporins?
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Pravastatin
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What are the side effects of statins?
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mild GI problems, Myalgia, Myopathy, Rhabdomyolysis, Hepatitis
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What are the contraindications of statins?
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Pregnancy, Patients taking Gemfibrozil (increases risk of rhabdomyolysis)
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What CYP enzymes do you need to watch interactions with on statins?
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CYP3A4, (grapefruit juice, cyclosporin, erythromyosin, HIV protease inhibitors, phenytoin)
CYP2C9 (ketoconazole, metroconasole) |
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What are the indication for bile acid resins?
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Lowering LDL levels (especially pregnant women)
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What is the effect of bile acid resins on LDL, HDL, and Triglycerides?
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LDL- lowers (10-25%)
HDL - Nothing Tri - Nothiing |
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List 3 bile acid resins.
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Cholestyramine
Colestipol Colesevelam |
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What are the side effects of bile acids?
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Mild GI bleeding, Increased triglyceride levels in pts with hypertriglyceridemia
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What are the interactions of bile acid salts.
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Bind many drugs: Warfarin, Phenobarbital, Digoxin, Tetracycline
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What is the name of the drug which blocks intestinal cholesterol absorption?
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Ezetimbe
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What are the side effects of Ezetimbe?
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GI symptoms
Myalgia, Rhabdomyolysis (rare) Liver Issues (reversible) |
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What are the contraindications of Ezetimbe?
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Pregnancy, Hepatitis, Hypersensitivity to it
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What lipid lowering drug is best at increasing HDL levels?
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Niacin
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What are the three MOA's of Niacin?
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-Blocking HSTL causes decreased lipolysis which decreases trigycerides and LDL's
-Triggers increased apo A-1 expression to make HDL's -Decreased lipoprotien A by inhibiting plasminogen. Thus decreasing thrombosis |
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What are the side effects of Niacin?
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Gout, hyperuricemia, exacerbation of ulcers, flushing of skin, hepatitis
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What are the contraindications of Niacin?
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Diabetics, Hepatitis, Gout patients
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What is the primary indication for the fibrates?
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High triglyceride levels (risk of pancreatitis)
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What is the MOA of the fibrates?
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Activation of PPAR-alpha leads to:
Increased LPL levels (increased vLDL clearance) Increased fatty acid oxidation in the liver Decreased vLDL manufacture Increased HDL synthesis |
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List the 2 fibrates.
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Fenofibrate
Gemfibrozil |
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What are the side effects of fibrates?
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nausea, rashes, gall stones, hepatitis, rhabdomyolysis (more with gemfibrozil and a statin)
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What are the contraindications of Fibrates?
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Hx of gallstones, Statins (Gemfibrozil only), Liver disease, Kidney Disease
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What is the MOA of fish oil?
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Treatment in hypertriglyceridemia, does not react poorly with statins like Gemfibrozil
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