Pharmacology Gu And Gi Drugs

Front 1

To treat urinary retention what ANS drug would you use?

Back 1

Cholinergic drugs improve bladder tone and relaxes sphincter

Front 2

What ANS drug would be used to treat urinary incontenance?

Back 2

Anti-Cholinergic drugs relax bladder tone and tighten sphincter

Front 3

These drugs are given to prevent nausea which helps prevent vomitting

Back 3

anti-emetics

Front 4

What part of the brain has receptors that trigger nausea?

Back 4

Medulla

Front 5

T/F Nausea happens when receptors on the GI mucosa send a signal to the receptors in the brain that something is wrong.

Back 5

TRUE

Front 6

This drug is a phenothyazine that has an anti-histamine/anti-emetic effect. Most commonly used drug given to TREAT nausea

Back 6

Phenergan

Front 7

These drugs are
anti-cholinergic/anti-histamines that prevent nausea (3)

Back 7

-Dramamine
-Anivert
-Vistaril

Front 8

This drug is an anticholinergic drug that does not have an effect on histamines but prevents nausea. If a person is allergic to Vistaril this drug is likely to be administered.

Back 8

Hyoscine

Front 9

These types of drugs block receptors associated with nausea and vomitting in the GI tract and the medulla. Example (1)

Back 9

5-HT3 receptor blockers
Ex- Zophran

Front 10

This drug class was created for extreme nausea and vomitting. It is stronger than Zophran and completely shuts down CTZ receptors

Back 10

Substance P

Front 11

This class consists of drugs that were extracted from marijuana to provide a highly effective anti-emetic. Also helps with psychosis and violent behaviors.

Back 11

Cannabinoids

Front 12

This class of drugs help with nausea by coating and deactivating GI receptors. Examples (2)

Back 12

Antacids
-Malox
-Tums

Front 13

This drug class promotes peristalisis is often given before a meal and helps to prevent nausea and vomitting. Examples (2)

Back 13

Anti-dopamine (antagonists)
-Reglan
-Tigan

Front 14

Most important nursing consideration related to nausea and vomitting.

Back 14

MUST find out reason for nausea and vomitting.

Front 15

T/F
Try non-pharmicological ways to treat nausea before administering drugs.

Back 15

True

Front 16

What is the risk with administering anti-dopamine drugs?

Back 16

They can induce parkinsons like symptoms due to decreased dopamine.

Front 17

This class of drugs helps to prevent fluid and electrolyte imbalances due to to much GI motility.

Back 17

Anti-diarrheal drugs

Front 18

This class of very powerful drugs is used in severe casses of diarrhea. Is not used often but was mainly used in children, has many side effects (1)

Back 18

opiates
-paragoric

Front 19

Opiate related drug examples?

Back 19

-immodium
-lomotil

Front 20

This drug was first used in the 1900s as an anti-psychotic agent. Found it works well for diarrhea, does cause drowsiness

Back 20

lomotil

Front 21

This class of drugs treats diarrhea by absorbing some of the moisture which increases the viscosity.
Example (1)

Back 21

Absorbants
-kayopectate

Front 22

Nursing Considerations For Diarrhea (5)

Back 22

-determine the cause of diarrhea
-diarrhea causes decrease in electrolytes, fluids, hydration, and weight. Also, causes an acid imbalance
-Excess use of anti-diarrheals can lead to constipation which can lead to impaction.
-Standard saftey considerations due to drowsiness.
-Monitor for skin breakdown

Front 23

What is the difference between stool and feces?

Back 23

Stool is inside the GI tract
Feces is outside of body.

Front 24

What are the 3 things necessary for a BM?

Back 24

1. Adequate water intake
2. GI motility
3. Appropriate amount of fiber

Front 25

(Def)
Difficulty defecating

Back 25

Constipation

Front 26

(Def)
Not defecating at all

Back 26

Obstipation

Front 27

Differance between laxatives and stool softeners

Back 27

Laxatives are intestinal irritants that work directly on the GI tissue to stimulate a BM.
Stool softeners prevent future stools from being hard by bringing water from outside the GI tract in to provide more moisture for passing of stools.

Front 28

Mineral oil, Surfak, and Colace are all examples of what?

Back 28

Stool softeners

Front 29

This class of stool softners works by bringing H20 from outside the GI tract in to help pass stools.
Ex (2)

Back 29

Osmotic stool softeners
-Lactulose and Miralax

Front 30

This stool softener can also be perscribed for liver dysfunction bc it binds to ammonia.

Back 30

-Lactulose

Front 31

Senikot, Ducolax, Castor Oil, and Cascara are all examples of?

Back 31

Laxatives

Front 32

This laxative can be administered prophilactically and is one of the most common perscribed.

Back 32

Senikot

Front 33

This common laxative is given to stimulate motility when a BM is needed ASAP.

Back 33

Ducolax

Front 34

Because castor oil tastes horrible and causes severe GI upset this drug was manufactured by isolated certain molecules in castor oil to reduce the side effects.

Back 34

Cascara

Front 35

These types of drugs can act locally or systemically to prevent ulcerations.

Back 35

antacids

Front 36

This local antacid coats the mucosa of the GI tract to prevent ulceration.

Back 36

Malox

Front 37

This systemic antacid works on acid production.

Back 37

Alkaseltzer

Front 38

This systemic histamine 2 blocker prevents acid production.

Back 38

Tagamet

Front 39

This systemic drug reduces acid production by inhibiting the proton acid pump.

Back 39

Nexium

Front 40

These digestive enzymes slow down digestion to increase mucosa which prevents ulceration. Example

Back 40

Pepsin Inhibitors
-Carafate (sucralfate)

Front 41

This class of drugs treats diarrhea by absorbing some of the moisture which increases the viscosity.
Example (1)

Back 41

Absorbants
-kayopectate

Front 42

Nursing Considerations For Diarrhea (5)

Back 42

-determine the cause of diarrhea
-diarrhea causes decrease in electrolytes, fluids, hydration, and weight. Also, causes an acid imbalance
-Excess use of anti-diarrheals can lead to constipation which can lead to impaction.
-Standard saftey considerations due to drowsiness.
-Monitor for skin breakdown

Front 43

What is the difference between stool and feces?

Back 43

Stool is inside the GI tract
Feces is outside of body.

Front 44

What are the 3 things necessary for a BM?

Back 44

1. Adequate water intake
2. GI motility
3. Appropriate amount of fiber

Front 45

(Def)
Difficulty defecating

Back 45

Constipation

Front 46

(Def)
Not defecating at all

Back 46

Obstipation

Front 47

Differance between laxatives and stool softeners

Back 47

Laxatives are intestinal irritants that work directly on the GI tissue to stimulate a BM.
Stool softeners prevent future stools from being hard by bringing water from outside the GI tract in to provide more moisture for passing of stools.

Front 48

Mineral oil, Surfak, and Colace are all examples of what?

Back 48

Stool softeners

Front 49

This class of stool softners works by bringing H20 from outside the GI tract in to help pass stools.
Ex (2)

Back 49

Osmotic stool softeners
-Lactulose and Miralax

Front 50

This stool softener can also be perscribed for liver dysfunction bc it binds to ammonia.

Back 50

-Lactulose

Front 51

Nursing consideration when administering Carafate?

Back 51

Binds with everything give at least 30-45 min before anything else by mouth.

Front 52

This drug is a prostaglandin analog that reduces the amount of acid produced and also helps coat GI to pretect from ulceration.

Back 52

Cystotex

Front 53

This anti-cholinergic drug is used to treat bladder spasms and helps with urinary incontenance.

Back 53

Ditropan

Front 54

The only approved use of opium is what?

Back 54

to treat bladder spasms.

Front 55

Three classic characteristics of a UTI?

Back 55

Burning, Frequency, Urgency

Front 56

This drug works well for urinary pain, helps with burning, but does not treat infection. Only works for about 48 hrs, and turns urine bright orange

Back 56

pyridium

Front 57

This cholinergic drug is used to treat urinary retention.

Back 57

Uracholine

Front 58

Why are cholinergic drugs contraindicated with benign prostatic hypergery(BPH)?

Back 58

Because they cause prostrate to enlarge more.

Front 59

These two drugs are used to treat BPH. They shrinks the prostrate to allow urine to pass.

Back 59

-Prostar
-Flowmax

Front 60

This is a cardiac drug that was incidentally found to help treat BPH.

Back 60

Cardura

Front 61

It was found that if men chewed this natural substance over a long period of time it prevented their prostate from growing so quickly. Decreased the amount of testosterone production.

Back 61

saw palmetto

Front 62

Antibiotic class used specifically for UTI.

Back 62

Sulfonamides