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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nutritional Requirements depends on
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Age, Gender, Pregnancy and Level of Activity
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In teens, nutritional requirements
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increase
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In older adults, nutritional requirements
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decrease
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For nutritional needs, men generally have [blank] nutritional needs versus women
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increased
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With low activity, nutritional requirements
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decrease
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With pregnancy and lactation, needs of nutrition
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increase
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The daily caloric needs range from
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20-35 kcal/kg/day
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What are the major types of macronutrients
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Carbohydrates, fiber, fats and protein
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Carbohydrates generates how much kcal of energy per gram
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4
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Simple sugars are the only carbohydrate that can be absorbed
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by the GIT into the blood
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Total Fiber is equal to
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dietary fiber and functional fiber
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Dietary fiber is
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derived from plants
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Functional fiber is derived from
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undigestable carbohydrates
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Fats generate how many kcal of energy per gram
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9 kcal of energy
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Monosaturated fats
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decrease ldl and increase HDL
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A source of monounsaturated fat is
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olive oil
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Polyunsaturated fat decreases
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LDL increases HDL
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Sources of Polyunsaturated fat include
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nuts, seeds, and soybeans
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Saturated fat increases
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LDL, increase HDL, leading to heart disease
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Sources of saturated fat includes
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animal fats and whole dairy products
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Transfats increase
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LDL, decreases HDL, leads to heart disease
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Proteins generate
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4kcal of energy
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Chemicals that regulate human metabolism necessary to maintain health are
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Vitamins
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Vitamins are broken down by
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water soluble and fat soluble
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Fat soluble include (4)
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vitamins A, D, E K
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Water soluble vitamins include (9)
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vitamin C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, folic acid, and biotin
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The components of enzymes, hormones, bone and tooth structure are known as
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minerals
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Minerals function in the regulation of (7)
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Acid base and water balance, cell membrane permeability, nerve conduction, muscle contractility, metabolism, oxygen transport and blood clotting
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The results of inadequate intake of protein and calories or from a deficiency of one or more vitamins is known as
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malnutrition
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The most common form of malnutritions experienced in hospitalized patients suffering from chronic disease is known as
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marasmus
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A protein deficiency is known as
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kwashiokor
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An inadequate protein and wasting of fat stores and muscles that results in patients with marasmus who are suddenly stressed with a new injury or infection is known as
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Mixed kwashiorkor-marasmus
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