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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 5 classes of sedative/hypnotic drugs?
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Benzodiazepines (B2)
Barbiturates (BTs) Z-Drugs Melatonin Agents B2-Antagonists |
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What are the drugs listed under the Benzodiazepine class?
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Diazepam
Chlordiazepoxide Flurazepam Oxazepam Lorazepam Nitrazepam Triazolam Alprazolam |
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What are the drugs listed under the Barbiturate class?
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Phenobarbital
Pentobarbital Secobarbital |
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What are the drugs listed under the Z-Drug class?
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Zolpidem
Zaleplon Eszopiclone |
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What are the two Melatonin Agents?
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Melatonin
Ramelteon |
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What is the drug in the B2-Antagonist class?
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Flumazenil
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MOA: Binds and activates the GABA-a Receptor
Which classes of drugs uses this MOA? |
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates Z-Drugs B2-Antagonists |
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Which class of drugs increases the affinity for the B2 site on the GABA-a Receptor?
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B2-Antagonists (they are B2 derivatives)
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Which class of drugs/drug name is used to counteract an overdose on Benzodiapines or Z-Drugs?
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B2-Antagonists - Flumazonil
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Which classes of drugs cross the BBB and placenta?
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Benzodiazepines
Z-Drugs |
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What does the absorption of Benzodiazepines depend on?
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Lipophilicity of each agent
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Which liver enzyme metabolizes Benzodiazepines?
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CYP3A4
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Which Z-Drugs are metabolized by CYP3A4? Which other drug acts as their DDI?
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Zolpidem
Eszopiclone DDI: Ketoconazole |
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Which liver enzyme metabolizes Zaleplon?
Which drug does it have a DDI with? |
Aldehyde Oxidase
DDI: Cimetidine |
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Which drug is less likely to undergo P450 based DDIs?
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Zaleplon
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3A4 Inducers (eg. Rifampin) will increase the metabolism of which two drugs?
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Zolpidem and Eszopiclone
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Where each of the 3 Melatonin Transporters located?
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MT-1: SCN
MT-2: SCN MT-3: Guts |
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What is the difference between the MT-1 and MT-2?
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MT-1: Promotes sleep onset
MT-2: Shifts timing of circadian system |
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What are all the benefits of Ramelteon?
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Advances the endogenous circadian rhythm.
Little influence on sleep architecture. Decreases sleep onset latency. |
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Which hormones are affected by Ramelteon?
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Decreases Testosterone
Increases Prolactin |
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What is the therapeutic use of B2-Antagonists?
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Reverse the CNS effects of Benzodiazepines after anesthesia and overdose
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Precipitate Withdrawal Syndrome is seen in patients undergoing withdrawal from which drug?
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Flumazenil (B2 Antagonist)
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