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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the 5 classes of sedative/hypnotic drugs?
Benzodiazepines (B2)
Barbiturates (BTs)
Z-Drugs
Melatonin Agents
B2-Antagonists
What are the drugs listed under the Benzodiazepine class?
Diazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
Flurazepam
Oxazepam
Lorazepam
Nitrazepam
Triazolam
Alprazolam
What are the drugs listed under the Barbiturate class?
Phenobarbital
Pentobarbital
Secobarbital
What are the drugs listed under the Z-Drug class?
Zolpidem
Zaleplon
Eszopiclone
What are the two Melatonin Agents?
Melatonin
Ramelteon
What is the drug in the B2-Antagonist class?
Flumazenil
MOA: Binds and activates the GABA-a Receptor

Which classes of drugs uses this MOA?
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
Z-Drugs
B2-Antagonists
Which class of drugs increases the affinity for the B2 site on the GABA-a Receptor?
B2-Antagonists (they are B2 derivatives)
Which class of drugs/drug name is used to counteract an overdose on Benzodiapines or Z-Drugs?
B2-Antagonists - Flumazonil
Which classes of drugs cross the BBB and placenta?
Benzodiazepines
Z-Drugs
What does the absorption of Benzodiazepines depend on?
Lipophilicity of each agent
Which liver enzyme metabolizes Benzodiazepines?
CYP3A4
Which Z-Drugs are metabolized by CYP3A4? Which other drug acts as their DDI?
Zolpidem
Eszopiclone

DDI: Ketoconazole
Which liver enzyme metabolizes Zaleplon?
Which drug does it have a DDI with?
Aldehyde Oxidase
DDI: Cimetidine
Which drug is less likely to undergo P450 based DDIs?
Zaleplon
3A4 Inducers (eg. Rifampin) will increase the metabolism of which two drugs?
Zolpidem and Eszopiclone
Where each of the 3 Melatonin Transporters located?
MT-1: SCN
MT-2: SCN
MT-3: Guts
What is the difference between the MT-1 and MT-2?
MT-1: Promotes sleep onset
MT-2: Shifts timing of circadian system
What are all the benefits of Ramelteon?
Advances the endogenous circadian rhythm.
Little influence on sleep architecture.
Decreases sleep onset latency.
Which hormones are affected by Ramelteon?
Decreases Testosterone
Increases Prolactin
What is the therapeutic use of B2-Antagonists?
Reverse the CNS effects of Benzodiazepines after anesthesia and overdose
Precipitate Withdrawal Syndrome is seen in patients undergoing withdrawal from which drug?
Flumazenil (B2 Antagonist)