Pharmacology Final, Lehne

Front 1

Insulin - Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog)

Back 1

onset 15m, peak 30m - 2 hr, duration 3-6 hr.

Front 2

Regular - Humiln R, Novolin R

Back 2

onset 30-60 m, peak 1-5 hr., duration 10 hr

Front 3

NPH

Back 3

onset 1-2 hr, peak 6-14 hr., duration 16-24 hr.

Front 4

Glargine (Lantus)

Back 4

onset 1hr, peak none, duration 24 hr.

Front 5

Metformin

Back 5

Biguanide - oral hypoglycemic;
Monitor Liver / Renal / Cardiac function, risk of Lactic Acidosis;
weight loss, decreased absorption of vitamin B12 and folic acid

Front 6

Glyburide

Back 6

sulfonylurea; release insulin; contraindicated in pregnancy;

Front 7

Sulfonylurea - adverse reactions

Back 7

increased hypoglycemia - liver, renal failure, Alcohol, NSAIDS, sulfa-antibiotics, cimetidine

Front 8

beta-blockers and DM

Back 8

mask sympathetic (rapid) effects of hypoglycemia

Front 9

Acarbose, Miglitol

Back 9

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; hypoglycemia if combined with another hypoglycemic.
causes flatulence, decreases absorption carbohydrate (and iron)

Front 10

Total T4

Back 10

4.5 - 12.5

Front 11

Total T3

Back 11

80 - 220

Front 12

Free T4

Back 12

0.9 - 2

Front 13

Free T3

Back 13

230 - 620

Front 14

TSH

Back 14

0.3 - 6

Front 15

synthroid therapy goal, TSH

Back 15

0.5 - 2

Front 16

Length of treatment for hypothyroidism,
use in pregnancy

Back 16

lifelong - therapy

increase dose

Front 17

Hyperthyroidism

Back 17

tachycardia, Angina, tremors

Front 18

Levothyroxine

Back 18

Synthroid

Front 19

potentiates warfarin

Back 19

Synthroid, and PTU

Front 20

PTU, adverse effects

Back 20

Prpoylthiouracil; Agranulocytosis, hyopthyroidism, RASH, cretinism, neonatal hypothyroidism

Front 21

Hypothyroidism

Back 21

Depression, pale-puffy expressionless, hairloss /brittle
Bradycardia, cold and dry, anorexia and fatigue w/ weight gain, constipation, intolerance to cold, mennorhagia

Front 22

Radioactive Iodine

Back 22

selective uptake in Thyroid, beta-rays destroy gland w/o adjacent tissue damage
90% result in hypothyroidism

Front 23

symptoms of Iodine toxicity, Iodism

Back 23

Brassy taste, Burning sensation in mouth / throat, soreness of teeth and gums, corrosive GI injury

Front 24

difference in NSAIDS and Tylenol (APAP)

Back 24

Tylenol is not antiinflammatory

Front 25

COX inhibitors

Back 25

analgesic, antipyretic, antiinflammatory

Front 26

COX - 1

Back 26

ASA, ibuprofen, Naproxen / Aleeve, Ketorolac / Tordol

Front 27

COX -1 adverse effects

Back 27

GI - ulceration, Bleeding, renal impairment

Front 28

COX - 2

adverse effects

Back 28

Celecoxib / Celebrex

renal impairment, promote CVD

Front 29

COX - inhibitor contraindications

Back 29

anticoagulants, steroids, EtOH,
Children w/ chickenpox, pregnancy
ACE/ ARB, HTN - HF

Front 30

Plavix (clopidogrel)

Back 30

antiplatelet aggregation, prevent stenosis, MI / CVA / PAD

Front 31

Lovenox

Back 31

low-molecular weight heparin

given sub-Q 2" from umbilicus

Front 32

Heparin
uses

Back 32

Pulmonary Embolism, CVA, DVT, heart-surgery,dialysis, immobility prohpylaxis

Front 33

Heparin antidote

1 mg / 100 U

Back 33

Protamine sulfate

Front 34

Heparin
Lab monitoring and adverse effect

Back 34

aPTT 1.5 - 2x
Hgb 12- 18
Hct 35 - 47
platelet >100,000

Front 35

Coumadin
uses

Back 35

long-term thrombophylaxis, TIA,MI, prosthetic heart valves, A-fib, DVT, PE

Front 36

Coumadin antidote

Back 36

vitamin K / FFP

Front 37

Coumadin Labs

Back 37

INR 2-3x

normal 40 sec.; therapeutic 80 - 120

Front 38

Targets of Peptic Ulcer disease

Back 38

H.pylori - pepto bismol
NSAIDS - d/c, may use tylenol
Gastric Acid - H2RB, PPI
Pepsin - antacids(pH>5)

Front 39

Cimetidine

Back 39

1st gen. H2RB, seperate admin. of meds >2hr. , CNS-effects develop w/ renal/hepatic impariment

Front 40

Omeprazole

Back 40

teach patient that treatment should be temporary
take vitamin D, prevent osteoporosis, administered in the morning before the first meal

Front 41

Antacids, causing constipation

Back 41

Aluminum , and Calcium products

Front 42

Antacids causing diarrhea

Back 42

Magnesium products

Front 43

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Back 43

serotonin (5HT3-inhibitor)

Front 44

Ondansetron administration

Back 44

30m prior to chemo, repeat in 4-8hr
TID w/ radiation therapy
1hr. prior to s/p

Front 45

Lactulose, use in hepatic encephalopathy

Back 45

increases intestinal clearance of ammonia

mild osmotic-laxative

Front 46

Misoprostol, absolute contraindication

Back 46

Pregnancy, induces abortion

Front 47

bulk forming laxatives

Back 47

take with ample fluid

not for use if obstructed

Front 48

Metclopromide (Reglan)

Back 48

Prokinetic + Antiemetic

long-term effect: tardive dyskinesia

Front 49

Infliximab (Remicade)

use

Back 49

immunoinflamatory modulator;
used for Crohns disease, or Ulcerative Colitis

Front 50

Infliximab (Remicade)

complications

Back 50

Opportunistic infections (TB)
infusion reactions,
increased risk for lymphoma