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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much fluid is filtered from the kidney everyday in a healthy adult?
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180L
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What percentage of Na must be reabsorbed by the kidney to maintain proper Na balance?
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99%
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What do diuretics do?
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increase the urine volume by removing Na and water from the body. Also decrease overall BP
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What are the 4 types of diuretics?
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1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
2. Loop diuretics 3. Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics 4. Potassium Sparing diuretics |
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What are the carbonic anyhydrase inhibitor agents?
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1. Acetzolaminde (Diamox)
2. Methazolamide |
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What is the MOA of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
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Carbonic Anhydrase is required for reaborption of Na Bicarbonate in the PT. So CAIs inhibit it and promote the excretion of Na, Water and Bicarbonate
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What is the diuretic Acetazolamide (Diamox) mostly used to treat? What are its adverse effects?
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Not a diuretic really.
used for glaucoma and altitude sickness. -Adverse effects: Metabolic acidosis, Hypokalemia |
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What is the MOA of loop diuretics?
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Inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter in the
THICK ASCENDING LIMB of the Loop of Henle |
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What is the most potent diuretic?
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Loop Diuretics
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What is a negative aspect of Loop diuretics?
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Excrete other electrolytes needed by the body
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What must you consider with dosing of loop diuretics?
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They are not interchangeable between oral and IV mode
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What are some examples of Loop Diuretics?
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Furosemide (Lasix) Bumetanide Torsemide
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List the adverse effects of Loop Diuretics?
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HYPO -
tension, natremia, chloremia, kalemia, magnesemia, calcemia OTOTOXICITY!! |
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What is the MOA of Thiazide Diuretics? What is one negative effect?
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Directly inhibits Na+/Cl- symporter in the DT. Increases urinary excretion of other electrolytes
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What are the contraindications of Thiazide Diuretics? Cautions?
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Sulfa allergy,
fluid/electrolyte imbalance, Severe Renal disease. Caution with pts with DM and Gout |
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What are the adverse effects of Thiazide Diuretics?
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HYPO -
tension, natermia, kalemia, magnesemia. HYPERCALCEMIA, increased uric acid, increased plasma glucose |
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What is the MOA of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics?
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Acts at the CT, promotes up to only 2% of Na and water excretion
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What are the adverse effects of Potassium Sparing Diuretics?
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Hypotension
HYPERKALEMIA lethargy and confusion |
