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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
T/F

Electrolytes have a broad range of functioning
F
electrolytes are rigidly controlled in a narrow range via reabsorption and excretion in the nephron
______is any damage to the nephron
nephrotoxicity
the deposition of a colloid along the basement membrane of the nephron is an example of _____
obstructive assault --> nephrotoxicity
list the 2 types of assault possible to cause nephrotoxicity
obstructive
enzymatic
give an example of enzymatic damage on the nephron
chemical damage to active transport pumps in the tubular membrane
T/F

Diuretics work indirectly on the KD and can cause harm if not monitored properly
F

Diuretics work DIRECTLY on the KD and can cause harm if not monitored properly
weak diuretic action and more known for its stimulant effect
xanthines
metab effected by other meds
Particular caution must be taken when prescribing Thiazides to px

a) Post menopausal
b) LV Disease
c) Diabetics
Diabetes- thiazides increase release of glucose by the LV and can cause hyperglycemia
the greatest caution associated with xanthines especially in pill form

a) headache
b) insomnia
c) easily dehydrated
easily dehydrated

(also, metab will be affected by other drugs)
The Major side affects of Thiazides are typically due to

a) Renal Failure
b) Electrolyte Imbalance
c) Volume Depletion
Electrolyte Imbalance & Volume Depletion

loss of Na+, Cl-, H+, K+,
Ca++ Retention (causes KD Stones)
esp Hypokalemia!!
Patients on thiazides often complain of achey muscles, why?
due to Hypokalemia
px must be on K+ supplements but they are often huge nasty pills that ppl dont want to take
Thiazide like drug

a) methyclothiazide (Duretic)
b) acetazolamid (diamox)
c) clorthalidone (Hygroton)
clorthalidone (Hygroton)

methyclothiazide (Duretic)- thiazide
acetazolamid (diamox)- carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Which of the following is not likely to cause KD stones

a) spironolactone (Aldactone)
b) acetazolamide (diamox)
c) chlorothiazide (Diuril)
spironolactone (aldactone)
Will cause Hyperkalemia

a) spironolactone (aldactone)
b) indapamide (lozol)
c) triamterene (dyrenium)
d) furosomid (lasix)
spironolactone (aldactone)

triamterene (dyrenium)
T/F

loop diuretics are the most powerful but slow acting
F

loop diuretics are powerful and FAST acting- used as IV for emergency situations
for emergency pulmonary edema and hypervolemia, which drug would be administered?

a) furosemide (lasix)
b) indapamide (lozol)
c) spironolactone (aldactone)
furosemide (lasix)
taken orally for maintenance of congestive HT failure

a) acetazolamide (diamox)
b) metolazone (zaroxolyn)
c) furosemide (lasix)
d) chlorthalidone (hygroton)
furosemide (lasix)
diuretic also known for its anti-convulsant properties

a) Thiazides
b) loop diuretics
c) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
d) xanthines
carbonic anydrase inhibitors
acetazolamide (diamox)
Diuretic with vasodilating function

a) indapamide (lozol)
b) triamrerene (dyrenium)
c) metolazone (zaroxolyn)
inapamide (lozol)

major adverse affects- dehydration and hypokalemia
works by antagonizeing aldosterone

a) indapamide (lozol)
b) triamrerene (dyrenium)
c) spironolactone (aldactone)
spironolactone (aldactone)

adverse affects- Hyperkalemia, gynecomastia, menstrual disturbance, dehydration, mycardial flaccidity
causes alkaline urine, and can cause hyperchloremic acidosis
carbonic anhydrase inhibtor
acetazolamide (diamox)

also causes KD stones
diuretic that can also be used as a treatment for Glaucoma
carbonic anhydrase inhibtor
acetazolamide (diamox)

HCO3 excretion decreases secretion of aqueous humor in the eye to lower intra-ocular pressure
diuretic that can cause asymptomatic gout

a) chlorthalidone (hygroton)
b) acetazolamide (diamox)
c) aminophyllin
d) triamterene (dyrenium)
carbonic anhydrase inhibtor causes Hyperuricemia
acetazolamide (diamox)
Diuretic not used frequently bc it causes aplastic anemia and hepatitis

a) metolazone (zaroxolyn)
b) chlorthalidone (hygroton)
c) trichlormethiazide (naqua)
metolazone (zaroxolyn)