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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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opioid anti-tussives (codeine, hydrocodone)
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-suppress cough (not common cold)
-act in CNS to elevate cough threshold -hydrocodone is somewhat more potent and carries a greater liablity for abuse than codeine -codeine is the most effective cough suppressant available; -rarely recommended for kids; can decrease the frequency and intensity of cough; low dose, risk of physical dependence is low; can suppress respiration like all other opioids; abuse potential low |
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Expectorants (guaifenesin/mucinex)
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-renders cough more productive by stimulating flow of respiratory tract secretions
-higher than normal dose may be needed |
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Non-opioid anti-tussives (dextromethorphan/Vicks 44, benzonatate/tessalon)
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dextromethorphan:most effective nonopioid cough medicine and most widely used of all cough medicines
-benefits equal those of codeine, except against acute severe cough -acts in CNS -when taken in high doses, can cause euphoria and is abused for this (derivative of opioids) -at therapeutic doses, not cause respiratory depression -reduce pain, especially with opioids=analgesic, but by another mechanism-NMDA benzonatate/tessalon: not in kids under 10 yro; swallow capsules intact; structural analog of tetracaine, a local anesthetic-suppresses cough by decreasing sensitivity of respiratory tract stretch receptors (parts of the cough-reflex pathway); mild adverse effects like sedation, dizziness, constipation |
