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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Define Osmosis
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The movement of water from a area of low concentration to one of high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
What is osmality? |
the measurement of the number of particles in a measured mass of water
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What are the two main types of water soluble contrast media?
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Ionic and non Ionic
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True or False, Water soluble contrast media can only have high osmality
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False, can be high or low
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True of False, Water soluble contrast media are only iodine based
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True
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What would be a reason for ingesting iodinated contrast media
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To outline the alimentary canal
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What are the 2 routes of administration for iodine based contrast media?
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1. injected into the vascular system
2. ingested into the alimentary canal |
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What is the most important physical property of iodine based contrast media?
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It contains iodine molecules
Why is iodine used for contrast? |
It has a high atomic number so it can absorb x-ray photons but it can still be eliminated from the body
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Radio-opacity of iodinated contrast media depends on the __________ of iodine in the molecule and the ___________ of the contrast.
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percentage
concentration |
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What is the main ingredient in water soluble contrast media?
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Water
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ISOVUE -200
Iopamidol Injection 41% What does the 200 indicate and what does the 41% indicate? |
The 200 refers to the amount of iodine in the molecule and the % refers to how concentrated the media is (how viscous it is)
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What are the two molecular particles that ionic contrast media dissociates into?
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1. Anion - negative charge
2. Cation - positive charge |
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match the following chemical structure with the ions:
Anion Benzene ring Cation Carbon chain |
Anion has a benzene ring
Cation has a carbon chain |
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Toxicity of the contrast media depends on 5 reasons. state them:
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1. chemical configuration of the cm molecules
2. osmolality 3. iodine concentration 4. rate of injection 5. dosage (less is better) |
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Which type of CM is more expensive, Ionic or Non-ionic?
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Non-ionic but it is easier on the pt as it has low osmolalatity and less chance or reactions
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Why is non-ionic have lower osmolality?
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molecules are too big and remain intact in solution
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How long does it take to distribute CM?
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For veins and arteries, heart and thoracic vessels and normal renal system it is immediate but brain takes up to 40 min
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How is CM excreted by the body?
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primarily by the kidneys within 24 hrs, small part by bilary system. if kidneys impaired it will take longer
If CM is injected intravenously it is absorbed by gastrointestinal lumen and excreted through feces |
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What are the characteristics for the "perfect" contrast agent
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water soluble
chemical and heat stability biologically inert low viscosity low osmolality/osmolarity safe cheap |
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