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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 6 rights of drug administration
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Right Patient
Right medication Right Dose Right Route of Administration Right time of delivery Right documentation |
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Additional Rights of drug administration
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Right to Refuse Medication
Right to receive drug education Right preparation |
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Three checks of drug administration
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Checking the drug with the MAR when removing it from the med cart.
Checking the drug when preparing it, pouring it, taking it out of the unit dose container, or connecting the IV tubing to bag. Checking the drug before administering to the patient. |
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Allergic Reaction
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a hyper response of body tissues to a foreign substance (allergen), in which patients experience uncomfortable and potentially serious symptoms, including difficulty breathing, pain, swelling, skin rash, and other unfavorable signs.
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a hyper response of body tissues to a foreign substance
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Allergic Reaction
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Anaphylaxis
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An acute allergic response to an antigen that results in severe hypotension and may cause death if untreated.
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An acute allergic response to an antigen that results in severe hypotension and may cause death if untreated.
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Anaphylaxis
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Compliance
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Taking a medication in the way it was prescribed by the practitioner; in the case of OTC drugs, following the instructions found on the label.
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Taking a medication in the way it was prescribed by the practitioner; in the case of OTC drugs, following the instructions found on the label.
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Compliance
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Enteral route
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The major route by which drugs enter the body through the digestive tract.
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The major route by which drugs enter the body through the digestive tract.
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Enteral route
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Enteric Coated
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Hard, waxy coating that enables drugs to resist the acidity of the stomach; enables drugs to dissolve in the small intestine.
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Hard, waxy coating that enables drugs to resist the acidity of the stomach; enables drugs to dissolve in the small intestine.
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Enteric Coated
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Sustained-release
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Tablets or capsules that are designed to dissolve very slowly.
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Tablets or capsules that are designed to dissolve very slowly.
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Sustained-release
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Sublingual route (SL)
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method of enteral drug delivery in which drugs are placed under the tongue.
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method of enteral drug delivery in which drugs are placed under the tongue.
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Sublingual
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Buccal
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The administration of medications by the cheek or mouth
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The administration of medications by the cheek or mouth
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Buccal
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Topical Route
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The route by which drugs are placed directly onto the skin and associated membranes
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The route by which drugs are placed directly onto the skin and associated membranes
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Topical Route
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Transdermal
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Method of drug delivery usually by a patch in which drugs are absorbed across the layers of skin for the purpose of entering the blood-stream
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Method of drug delivery usually by a patch in which drugs are absorbed across the layers of skin for the purpose of entering the blood-stream
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Transdermal
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Transmucosal
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Method of topical drug delivery in which drugs are applied directly to mucosal membranes including nasal and respiratory pathways and vagina
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Method of topical drug delivery in which drugs are applied directly to mucosal membranes including nasal and respiratory pathways and vagina
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Transmucosal
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Astringent effect
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The shrinkage of swollen membranes or binding together of body surface materials
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The shrinkage of swollen membranes or binding together of body surface materials
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Astringent effect
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Parenteral Route
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the major route by which drugs enter the body other than the enteral or topical route
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the major route by which drugs enter the body other than the enteral or topical route
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Parenteral Route
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Intradermal (ID) route
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method of which parenteral drug delivery in which drugs are injected into the dermis of the skin
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method of which parenteral drug delivery in which drugs are injected into the dermis of the skin
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Intradermal (ID) route
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Subcutanous (SC or SQ) Route
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Method of parenteral drug delivery in which drugs are injected into the hypodermis of the skin.
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Method of parenteral drug delivery in which drugs are injected into the hypodermis of the skin.
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Subcutanous (SC or SQ) Route
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Intramuscular (IM) route
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Method of parenteral drug delivery in which drugs are injected into layers of muscle beneath the skin.
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Method of parenteral drug delivery in which drugs are injected into layers of muscle beneath the skin.
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Intramuscular (IM) route
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Four common sites of IM injections
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Ventrogluteal Site (after 7 months)
Deltoid Site Dorsogluteal Site Vastus Lateralis Site (pediatric) |
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3 types of IV administration
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Large-volume infusion
Intermittent infusion (piggy back) IV Bolus (push) - concentrated single dose |
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Apothecary system
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Former system of weights and measures used by health care providers and pharmacists: replaced by the metric system
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Former system of weights and measures used by health care providers and pharmacists: replaced by the metric system
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Apothecary system
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ASAP Order
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Means as soon as possible. often defined as less than 30 minutes.
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Household systems
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Older system of measurement involving teaspoons, tablespoons, cups, drops, pounds, etc...
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Metric System
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the most common system of measurement; involves kilograms, grams, etc...
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PRN Orders
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To administer as required by the patients condition.
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Routine Orders
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standard order usually carried out within 2 hours of the time it was written ny the physician
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Single Order
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a physicians order for a drug that is for a drug that is to be given only once and at a specific time; an example is a pre-op order
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Standing Order
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a physicians order written in advance of a situation, which is to be carried out under specific circumstances.
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Stat Order
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a physician order to be given immediately. Usually 5 minutes or less.
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Sustained release
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Tablets or capsules that are designed to dissolve very slowly
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Angle of Intramuscular Needle
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90
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Angle of Subcutaneous
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45
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Angle of Intravenous
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25
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Angle of Intradermal
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10 - 15
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Pharmacokinetics
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The study of what the body does for drugs
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Four processes of Pharmacokinetics
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Absorption, metabolism, distribution, excretion.
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The study of what the body does for drugs
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Pharmacokinetics
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Absorption
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the process of moving a drug across body membranes
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the process of moving a drug across body membranes
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Absorption
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Distribution
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the process of transporting drugs through the body
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the process of transporting drugs through the body
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Distribution
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Metabolism
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the sum total of all chemical reactions in the body or an organ
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the sum total of all chemical reactions in the body or an organ
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Metabolism
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Biotransformation
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the chemical conversion of drugs from one form to another that may result in increased or decreased activity
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the chemical conversion of drugs from one form to another that may result in increased or decreased activity
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Biotransformation
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prodrugs
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Drugs that become more active after they are metabolized
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Drugs that become more active after they are metabolized
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prodrugs
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First pass effect
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a mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed across the intestinal wall and enter into blood vessels, known as the hepatic portal circulation, which carries blood directly to the liver
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a mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed across the intestinal wall and enter into blood vessels, known as the hepatic portal circulation, which carries blood directly to the liver
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First pass effect
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Excretion
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the process of removing substances from the body
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the process of removing substances from the body
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Excretion
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Enterohepatic recirculation
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recycling of drugs and other substances by the circulation of bile through the intestine and liver
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recycling of drugs and other substances by the circulation of bile through the intestine and liver
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Enterohepatic recirculation
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half life
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the length of time required for a drug to decrease its concentration in the plasma by one half of the original amount
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the length of time required for a drug to decrease its concentration in the plasma by one half of the original amount
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half life
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pharmacodynamics
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the study of how the body responds to drugs and natural substances
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the study of how the body responds to drugs and natural substances
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pharmacodynamics
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receptor theory
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a cellular mechanism by which most drugs produce their effects
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a cellular mechanism by which most drugs produce their effects
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receptor theory
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receptor
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the structural component of a cell to which a drug binds in a dose-related manner to produce a response
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the structural component of a cell to which a drug binds in a dose-related manner to produce a response
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receptor
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Potency
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the power or strength of a drug at a specified concentration or dose
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the power or strength of a drug at a specified concentration or dose
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Potency
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Agonist
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drugs that are capable of binding with receptors in order to cause a cellular response
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drugs that are capable of binding with receptors in order to cause a cellular response
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Agonist
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Antagonist
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Drugs that block the response of another drug
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Drugs that block the response of another drug
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Antagonist
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Efficacy
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the effectiveness of a drug in producing a more intense response as its concentration is increased.
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the effectiveness of a drug in producing a more intense response as its concentration is increased.
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Efficacy
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