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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)?
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is any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses.
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Side Effect
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A nearly unavoidable secondary drug effect produced at therapeutic doses.
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Toxicity
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An adverse drug reaction caused by excessive dosing.
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Allergic Reaction
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An immune response.
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The intensity of an allergic reaction is largely independent to what?
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The dosage.
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Idiosyncratic Effect
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An uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition.
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Iatrogenic Disease
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A disease produced by a physician.
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Physical Dependence
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State in which the body has adapted to drug exposure in such a way that abstinence syndrome will result if drug is discontinued.
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Carcinogenic Effect
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The ability of certain medication and environmental chemicals to cause cancers.
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Teratogenic Effect
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A drug-induced birth defect.
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What are the two types of organ-specific toxicity?
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1. Liver
2. Cardiac |
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What is the major cause of morbidity and mortality?
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Medication Errors
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What are 3 important sites to check for toxicity?
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1. Liver
2. Kidneys 3. Bone Marrow |
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QT Interval Drugs
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These are drugs that prolong the QT interval on the electrocardiogram.
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When taking hepatotoxic drugs what tests should be done?
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LFT (liver functioning test). These tests look for presence of two liver enzymes (asparate aminotransferase & alanine aminotransferase)
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Name 3 main causes of medication errors.
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1. Human factors
2. Communication mistakes 3. Name confusion |
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What kind of patients are at higher risk of adverse drug reactions (ADR)?
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1. Eldery
2. Children 3. Chronic Ill 4. Those taking multiple medications |
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What is the most common cause of acute liver failure?
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Drugs
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Name some measures that would likely minimize adverse drug reactions (ADR)?
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1. avoiding drugs likely to harm a particular patient
2. monitoring patient for signs and symptoms of ADR 3. educate patient and family about ADR's to catch them quickly 4. monitoring organs that are greatly affected by the drug. |
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Which of the following is not an adverse effect of a drug as defined by the World Health Organization?
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Respiratory depression from overdose on benzodiazepine sleeping pills.
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The nurse would contact the prescriber before administering a drug that depresses respirations if the adult's respiratory rate is less than how many breaths per minute?
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12 breaths per minute
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