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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
NSAIDS are used for:


Mild to moderate headaches


-myalgia


-neuralgia


-athralgia


-alleviation of post op pain


-relief from arthritis


-treatment of gout and hypertension

NSAIDS mechanism of action


-inhibition of the leukotriene pathway, the prostaglandin pathway or both


-blocking the chemical activity of the enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX). Cox-1 has a role in maintaining the GI mucosa. COX 2



Mechanism of action for Aspirin


irreversible inhibitor of cox-1 receptor w/i the platelets themselves


-reduced formation of thromboxane a2, a substance that normally promotes platlet aggregation


-other NSAIDS lack these antiplatelet effects

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin-1st)


-inhibits platelet aggregation


-antithrombotic effect: used in the treatmnt of MI and other thromnotic disorders


-arthritis, juvi rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, pleurisy, pericarditis


-heachache, neuralgia, myalgia, arthalgia

Do not give ________ to children or teengagers with flulike symptoms because of the risk of reyes syndrom

Aspirin



Reyes Syndrome


progressive neurologic loss


liver damage


coma


death

Salicylate (aspirin) toxicity-


Increased heart rate


tinnitus


n/v, diarrhea


liver damage


reduced renal function


sweating, thirst, hyperventilation, hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia


metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis

Indomethacin (indocin)-


-used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tendonitis etc


has analgesic, antirhematic and antipyretic properties


-drug given through IV to promote closure of patent ductus arteriosus,a heart defect that sometimes occures in premature infants

Ketorolac (toradol)


-powerful analfesic effects


-only used short term <5 days because of the effects on kidneys and gi tract bleeding


-for moderate-severe pain


- PO,IM,IV

Celecoxib (celebrex)-


-first and only remaining cox 2 inhibitor


-indicated use for athritis, acute pain symptons, spondylitis and dysmenorrhea


-little effect on platelet function


-not to be used in patients with a known sulfa allergy

_______ is caused by the overproduction of uric acid and decreased uric acid excretion or both. The deosits of uric acid crystals collect in tissues and joins causing an antiinflammatory response and extreme pain.


-hypercemia

Gout
Adverse effects of NSAIDS of GI:


Gi: dyspepsia, heartburn, epigastric distress, nausea


-GI bleeding*


-mucosal lesions*


*Misoprostol (cytotec) can be used to reduce these dangerous effects

Adverse effects of NSAIDs of renal:


reductions in creatine clearance


-acute tubular necrosis with renal failure

Adverse effects of NSAIDS of cardiovascular:
-noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
Allopurinol (zyloprim)


-used to prevent uric acid production by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase


also used to prevent acute tumor lysis syndroe

Colchicine

-reduces inflammatory response to the deposits of urate crystals in joint tissue


-used for short term managment or prevention of gout


-may cause short term leukopenia


-the more severe adverse effects can include bleedig into the gi or urinary tracts

Antigout

analyze lab results reflecting hematologic, renal and hepatic functioning before initiation of therapy as ordered, especially if long trm use is indicated

Herbal therapies of Gout:
adverse side effects:

slide 68


nursing implications