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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define pharmacology
Study of drugs
Define Pharmacotherapy
Drug treatments
Drugs can be formed or derived from?
Chemical (synthetic)
Animals
minerals
plants
DNA
What does the accronym FDA stand for?
Food and Drug Administration
Regulates drug testing and approves new drugs.
What does the accronym PDR stand for?
Physicians Desk Refference
It includes drug names, clinical pharmacology, indications, contraindications, drug interactions, adverse reaction, dosage, and administration.
What does the accronym AHFS stand for?
American Hospital Formulatory Service (drug information)
What is meant by the term Generic name?
Not owned by any particular pharmaceutical company, and therefore are considered the nonproprietary name or legal name.
What is meant by the term Trade name?
Name given by the manufacturer or brand name.
What is meant by the term Chemical name?
Important as a point of refference to manufacture the drug, but it has little practical use for practitioner or consumer.
What is meant by the term Indication and usage?
Informs you of the clinical indication,That is, why you would consider using this medication.
Define Contraindications.
Contains warnings to a particular patient or situations in which you should not use this medication.
Define Drug interaction
Drugs can interact in many ways to change the effects of one or more drugs involved.
What does the term Additive mean?
When 2 drugs are given together and the result of those 2 can be summed up by the equation 1+1=2.
What does the term Synergism mean?
When 2 drugs are given together and interact to equal 1+1=3.
What does the term Potentiation mean?
Described numerically as 1+0=3. this means that one of the drugs having no direct effect, increases the response of the other drug.
Adverse Drug Reactions
side effects of drugs having mild to severe effects.
Teratogenic
A drug that has the potential to damage a fetus when administered to pregnant women.
What information is included in the Dosage & Administration section of the drug package?
Standard dose for meds; Elaborates on how medication is supplied and any special treatment or care should be given to preserve it's effectiveness.
First pass effect
Drugs that go through the liver
Enteral route
Absorption are via the GI tract.
oral
sublingual
nasogastric
NG tube
Rectal
Others route
Ihalation, topical, transdermal
Parenteral routes
Injectable, IV, IM, SC, Intraatrial
Pharmacokenetics
Movement of drugs through the body
What are the processes of Pharmacokenetics?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
Pharmacodynamics
What the drug does to the body after it is absorbed and distributed.
Selectivity
Extent to which a drug acts at one specific site or receptor.
Lock and Key receptor theory
Description of interactions between drugs and receptors. If the drug does not fit the receptor, no activity occurs.
Agonist
drugs with affinity for a receptor to cause a specific response.
Antagonist
drugs that block receptors to respond.
Potency
amount of drug required to produce the response desired
Tolerance
An increased amount of drug to produce an effect
Dependence
Can be physiologic or psychologic need
Half life
The amount of time it takes the concentration of the drug to decrease by half.
Steady state
Maximum concentration of the drug in the body when administered over a period of time.
Loading dose
A starting dose that is administered to achieve theraputic concentration rapidly.
Maintenance dose
Given to keep a drug at a theraputic level in the blood.
Toxicity
levels of poison
Emetics
Vomiting agents
Therapeutic Index
The ratio between minimum effective dose and the max tolerated dose
Prescription
Doctors orders
The Basic Five Rights
Right drug
Right dose
Right patient
Right time
Right route