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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are cholinergic agents?
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Cholinergics, Cholinergic agonist, and parasynpathomimetics refer to drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS).
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what does the PSNS oppose
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SNS
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what is achtylcholine
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(ACh) is the neurotransmitter in PSNS
“Rest & Digest” and “Sludge” |
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what are two cholinergics
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Nicotinic
Muscarinic |
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what do cholinergic's do to fluids in the body
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increase and flow more
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what do cholinergic drugs stimulate
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Stimulate the intestine and bladder, increase gastric secretions, GI motility, and increased urinary frequency. Used after surgery to increase bowel sounds and passage of flatus
adn miosis |
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what is miosis
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stimulate pupil to constrict
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what do cholinergic drugs increase
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Increase salivation, sweating, decrease heart rate, and decrease vasodilation, but increase constriction of the bronchi, and airways.
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what are direct acting used for
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Used topically to reduce IOP in patients with glaucoma, or for ocular surgery
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what is the direct acting drug urecholine
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PO Increases bladder and GI tract tone and motility, increasing the movement of the contents
Used after surgery |
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what are indirect acting cholinergic drugs
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Increase ACh concentrations at the receptor sites
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what do the indirect acting cholinergic drugs do
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Cause Skeletal muscle contraction, used for treatment and diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Reverse neuromuscular blockage cause by neuromuscular blocking agents or anticholinergic poisoning |
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what is the antidote for anticholinergic posioning, insecticides
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Physostigmine
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how do cholinergic help alzheimers disease
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Cholinergic agents increase the concentrations of ACh in the brain.
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what is aricept used is alzheimers pts
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indirect-acting anticholinergic agents
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what is aricept contraindicted in
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GI or GU obstruction, bradycardia, Cardiac conduction problems, hyperthyroidism, hypotension, COPD, and Parkinson’s disease
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what is the s/s of a cholinergic crisis
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circulatory collapse, hypotension, bloody diarrhea, shock and cardiac arrest.
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what drug is used for cholinergic crisis
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Atropine 1 mg I V for block
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what is the cholinergic drug-urecholine
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Oral
10-15 mg bid or qid Can start with 5-10 mgs hourly until urination, max. at 50/mg Postoperative and post partum functional urinary retention |
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what is the cholinergic drug- evoxac
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direct acting
For Sjogren’s syndrome Stimulate salivation for dry mouth Contraindicated in narrow-angle glaucoma 30 mg capsule tid |
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what is sjogrens syndrome
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lack of fluids
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what is the drug cholinegic drug- aticept
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indirect-acting anticholinesterase drug
Works centrally on the brain to increase ACh by blocking its breakdown May take 6 weeks or more for improvement 5-10 mg/day as a single dose Does not cure, improves symptoms |
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what is the cholinergic drugs- physostigmine or antilirium
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Indirect-acting cholinergic agent that works indirectly to increase ACh.
Improves muscle strength in myasthenia gravis Reversal of anticholinergic drug effects and trycyclic overdoses |
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review of what do cholinergic drugs do
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Decrease heart rate
Increase GI & GU tone Increase tone of the bronchial smooth muscle Increase respiratory secretions Miosis |
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what are the nursing actions to take when used cholinergic drugs
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Ambulate surgical patients early
Atropine is the antidote for cholinergic effects – probably will get tachycardia Myasthenia gravis – give medication about 30 minutes prior to eating to allow for onset of action to improve swallowing and chewing ability |
