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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is PAIN?
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Pain is a physiological and emotional experience that is marked by unpleasant feelings, usually associated with trauma or disease.
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What is meant by pain being subjective?
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Subjective pain is something that the patient feels and that cannot be felt or measured by someone else.
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What is it called when the pain is related to an injury, such as surgery?
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ACUTE PAIN
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What is it called when any pain that continues beyond the usual course of an acute injury process?
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CHRONIC PAIN
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Aa a nurse what are the questions you use to assess a subjective pain?
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Subjective Pain:
what is the cause? When did it start? Location of the pain? What makes it better or worse? Describe the pain (sharp, dull, intermittent) Allergy to any pain med.? |
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When assessing the patient what signs do you look for
an objective pain? |
Is the patient:
Breating fast or slow pulse is it high Sweating Agitation Blood pressure high or low Tense Crying Moaning Pupil reaction |
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Elderly considerations include what when taking pain med?
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More sensitive to CNS depression
More sensitive to constipation Afraid to take med. due to possible risk for addiction. |
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What is any substance that produces stupor associated with analgesia ?
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NARCOTIC
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OPIOIDS IS WHAT?
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are used to treat severe pain
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What pain med. is given most often for severe pain?
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NARCOTIC
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Opioids are classified how?
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Agonist-to do
partial agonist agonist-antagonist |
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What type of drug produces mixed effects, acting as a competive antagonist at another type of receptor?
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OPIOID AGONIST-ANTAGONIST DRUG
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What type of drug is prefered for pain because of the less risk for a patient to become addictive to?
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AGONIST-ANTAGONISTS DRUGS
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What is a drug related problem that is seen when the same amount of drug produces less effect over time?
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TOLERANCE
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What is it called when the patient shows withdrawl symptoms when a drug is stopped?
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DEPENDENCE
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Withdrawl Symptoms is what?
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Withdrawl symptoms are changes in the body or mind that occur when a drug is stopped or reduced after regular use
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Addition is what?
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When the patient has to have the drug for nonmedical reasons.
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Narcotic agonist analgesics are used for what?
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Used to tret moderate to severe acute pain.
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The ADVERSE REACTION of narcotic agonist analgesic are what?
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Adverse reactions to narcotic agonist analgesics are:
bradycardia, constipation,confusion, dry mouth, euphoria, fainting, vomitting, pruitus, skin rash, skin itch, slow breathing and shortness of breath |
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Overdose of narcotic agonist analgesic may cause what?
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bradycardia, irregular shallow breathing, sedation, coma,miosis, cyanosis, drop in b/p, oliguria, clammy skin and hypothermia
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constriction of the pupil is what?
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MIOSIS
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For patient teaching on narcotic agonist analgesics:
how is the drug the most effective for the patient? |
It is most effective when the patient takes the med. before severe onset of the pain occurs.
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for patient teaching on narcotic agonist analgesics:
what should the patient do if there is not alot of pain? |
The patient could find other methods to relieve the pain such as a massage, heating pads, ice, ect.
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Patient teaching on narcotic agonist analgesics:
sholu the patient take any other meds or alcohol? |
NO the patient should not take any other meds.w/o letting the MD knowing and the alcohol increases the effect of the med.
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Patient teaching on narcotic agonist analgesics: what should the patient do to prevent constipation while on this med?
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The patient should increase fluid intake and adding extra fiber to the diet.
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Patient teaching on narcotic agonist analgesics: the patient should do what to avoid lightheadness?
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The patient should get up slowly and avoid standing in one place too long.
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Narcotic agonist-antagonist analgesics are what?
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They are strong drugs tha act through the CNS and they act with other chemicals at specific nerve sites.
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Narcotic agonist-antagonist adverse/side effects are what?
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respiratory depression
dizziness headache confusion anorexia nausea vomitting drowsiness hallucinations sedation dysphoria |
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Opioid agonist-antagonist:
what are the drug interactions ? |
the drug interacion is : alcohol & drugs that slow the action of the body should be used with caution cause of the risk for CNS depression.
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opioid agonist - antagonist should not be given to a patient with what ?
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Should not be given to patients with head injury.
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opioid agonist - antagonist should be used cautiously with what type of patients?
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breathing problems
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nonnarcotic analgesics act how?
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they act at the level of the brain to control to moderate pain.
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nonnarcotic analgesics are used when?
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used when the patient will be recieving anesthetic.
and also to relieve fever |
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side/adverse effects of nonnarcotic analgesics are what?
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seizers
nausea vomitting hypotension confusion dizziness euphoria headache consitpation light-headness constipation hepatotoxicity |
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nonnarcotic analgesics meds what could happen if too much is taken?
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the patient could die within the one hour if too much is taken.
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What are some drugs of the noncarotic analgesics?
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Ultram (tramadol) *seizure*
Tylenol (acetaminophen) |
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opioid agonist meds are?
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* Stadol (butorphanol)
* Nubain (nalbuphine) * Talwin (pentazocine) |
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what is it called when two meds work better than one?
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synergism
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narcotic analgesics meds are ?
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* Vicoden
* Penerocet * Percodan *Darvocet (taken off market0 |
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what are some uses for opioids besides pain relievers
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anestesia
cough suppression treating diarrhea |
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Narcan does what?
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may be infused to reverse te respiratory depression and other acute symptoms associated with opioid intoxication
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opioids agonist drugs?
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codeine
Duragesic (fentanyl) Dilaudid (hydromorphone) Demerol (meperidine) Dolophine (methadone) used to treat dependence Duramorph MS contin (morphine) oxyContin (oxycodone) |
