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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Cardiovascular System does what in the body?
Consists of the heart, major blood vessel and small peripheral blood vessels

· Moves nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
An abnormal condition of the heart’s arterial circulation causing restriction in blood flow to the myocardium

· The myocardium must continuously receive nutrients and O2.

· The heart does not get nutrients or O2 from the chambers of the heart so blood vessels around the heart that are constricted or narrowed then deprive the heart.
Angina (angina pectoris)
Severe chest pain which is caused by the lack of O2 to the myocardium

· Atherosclerosis – common cause of angina. It is the buildup of fatty fibrous material called plaque in the arteries (CAD).
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
Restriction of blood flow to the peripheral tissues

· Pain occurs where the lack of blood flow occurs
Anti anginals and Peripheral Vasodilators
Nitrates

· Calcium Channel Blockers

· Peripheral Vasodilators
Nitrates does what and administered how?
Direct action on vascular smooth muscle and cause it to relax.

· Can be administered under tongue, on the skin, and by mouth

· Half-life is 1- 4 minutes
what are the nitrate drugs?
Nitro stat (nitroglycerin)

o Nitro bid (nitroglycerin)

o Nitro-dur (nitroglycerin)
what are the adverse/ side effects of nitrates?
Postural hypotension

o Flushing

o Tachycardia

o Confusion

o Dizziness

o Fainting

o H/A
Calcium Channel Blockers
Some of these medications relieve chest pain by acting on the smooth muscle to dilate arteries in the heart.
Peripheral Vasodilators
Relax smooth muscle in arteries located in peripheral circulation
Peripheral Vasodilators
Adverse/Side Effects are:
Postural hypotension
Flushing
Tachycardia
Confusion
Dizziness
Fainting
H/A
Weakness
Rash
nervousness
tingling
sweating
Dysrhythmias
irregular heartbeats (rhythm)

· could be a slow or fast rate

· commonly caused by irritation to the heart tissue
Anti dysrhythmics medications
These medications affect cells that are firing irregular by acting on different phases of cell activity

o Class I

o Class II

o Class III

o Class IV
Anti dysrhythmics medications
Procanbid
QuinTab
Xylocaine
Inderal
Cordarone
Tikosyn
Betapace
Calan
Hyperlipidemia
High amounts of triglycerides or/and cholesterol

· Leads to atherosclerosis
Hydroxymethylglutaryl Coenzyme A
HMG – CoA

· Expensive

· Best tolerated

· Highly effective at lowering LDL levels

· Monitor liver labs

· Lipitor

· Zocor
Fibric Acid Derivatives
gemfibrozil

· Tricor

· Highly effective at lowering triglycerides and increasing HDL levels

· Monitor liver labs

· Can cause cholelithiasis
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Questran

· Cholestid

· Decreases LDL and cholesterol blood levels

· Will increase triglyceride levels

· Adverse GI effects
Niacin
· Most effective at lowering triglycerides and increasing HDL level