Pharmacology-Cardiovascular Drugs-1-Olol

Front 1

Depolarization

Back 1

Systole- cardiac contraction

Front 2

Repolarization

Back 2

Diastole- cardiac relaxation

Front 3

CO = HR x SV

Back 3

CO= cardiac output
HR = Heart Rate
SV = Stroke Volume (number of blood ejected per left ventricular contraction)
this is the amount of blood the heart ejects in 1 minute

Front 4

BP = CO x PR

Back 4

BP = Blood Pressure
CO = Cardiac Output
PR = peripheral resistance( tension in vessels
Alpha 1 blockers reduce so that BP goes down, Beta 1 blockers decrease CO & BP goes down

Front 5

Properties of the Heart

Back 5

Iontropic
Chronotropic
Dromotropic
Excitability

Front 6

1.Inotropic

Back 6

Contractility - so if positive it increases CO & BP

Front 7

2.Chronotropic

Back 7

`Automaticity - timing regulation - SA nodes keep "time" for heart
if positive Chronotropic then it increases automaticity
if negative then decreases

Front 8

3.Dromotropic

Back 8

Conductivity - electrical impulse

Front 9

4.Excitability

Back 9

Readiness to respond - cell will contract when impulse generated

Front 10

Ischemia

Back 10

decreased O2, leads to angina, and may cause infarction, ectopy, arrythmia, dysrythmia

Front 11

Cardiac Glycosides

Back 11

Lanoxin/digoxin (dige)
1.increases force of contractions (SV) a positive inotropic effect
2. decreased heart rate - (HR) negative chronotropic effect
3. decreased conductivity - negative dromotropic effect
Cardiac Output is greatly increased

Front 12

Overall effect of Cardiac glycosides is

Back 12

1.an increased cardiac output
2. a decreased cardiac oxygen consumption, due to a decreased cardiac workload
3. the effect is likened to a well-trained athlete

Front 13

CHF

Back 13

Congestive Heart Failure
has decreased cardiac output, which results in a decreased renal blood flow, which results in an increased renin/angiotensin response, which results in increased blood volume, decreased urinary output, increased blood pressure, shortness of breath...

Front 14

infarction

ectopy

Back 14

cell death

extra cells that should not be there

Front 15

Effects of Cardiac Glycosides

Back 15

Digoxin/Lanoxin causes:
1.increased cardiac output which
2.decreases renin response which
3.increases sodium excretion which
4. increases urinary output which
5. decreases blood volume which
6. decreases preload which
7. decreases the workload of the heart
8. decreases angina which
9. decreases arrythmias