Pharmacology Biom1008 - Cns Pharmacology

Front 1

Name 2 Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Back 1

Parkinson's, Alzheimer's

Front 2

Name a Neurological Disorder.

Back 2

Epilepsy

Front 3

Name 3 Psychological Disorders.

Back 3

Anxiety, Depression, Schizophrenia

Front 4

Name the 4 main groups of neurotransmitter.

Back 4

Amines, Amino Acids, Peptides, Purines

Front 5

GABA is an amino acid neurotransmitter. True or False?

Back 5

True

Front 6

Endorphins are an example of what kind of transmitter?

Back 6

Peptide

Front 7

Adenosine is not a purine neurotransmitter. True or False?

Back 7

False. It is.

Front 8

Acetylcholine is an amine neurotransmitter. True or False?

Back 8

True

Front 9

Noradrenaline, dopamine and adrenaline are all amine neurotranmitters, but what sub group are they?

Back 9

Catecholamines

Front 10

Parkinson's Disease is characterised as a progressive disease leading to shakiness, dementia and cognitive
decline. True or False?

Back 10

True

Front 11

Drugs to can help alter the progression of Parkinson's Disease. True or False?

Back 11

False

Front 12

A loss of Dopamine cells from Substantia Nigra caused by Protein aggregation (inclusion (Lewy)
bodies) is believed to be the pathology of Parkinson's Disease. True or False?

Back 12

True

Front 13

Decreasing dopamine synthesis using L-DOPA can treat Parkinson's Disease. True or False?

Back 13

False

Front 14

Increasing dopamine synthesis using L-DOPA can treat Parkinson's Disease. True or False?

Back 14

True

Front 15

Blocking inactivation uptake using monoamine oxidase (MAO) and using drugs which activate dopamine receptors, such as bromocriptine, are treatments for Parkinson's Disease. True or False?

Back 15

True

Front 16

Alzheimer’s Disease symptoms include all of the following:
•memory deficits
• Initiation deficits.
• Visuo-spatial deficits
• Language deficits
• Shaking Muscles

True or False?

Back 16

False

Front 17

Alzheimer’s Disease symptoms include all of the following:
•memory deficits
• Initiation deficits.
• Visuo-spatial deficits
• Language deficits
• Impaired judgment and risk
assessment

True or False?

Back 17

True

Front 18

Alzheimer's Disease is an inflammatory brain disease. True or False?

Back 18

False

Front 19

Alheimer's Disease is characterised by neuronal death causing a decrease in brain mass. True or False?

Back 19

True

Front 20

Alzheimer's Disease is thought to be caused by:
• extracellular amyloid-B-protein plaques,
• Neurofibrillary tangles -
intracellular - abnormal
cytoskeletal protein Tau
• Aberrant function of glutamate
and acetylcholine neurones-
synapse loss - neuronal death -
brain shrinkage.

True or False?

Back 20

True

Front 21

Cholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, enhance ACh at nicotinic and muscarinic receptors and this is considered a treatment for preventing further damage. True or False?

Back 21

True

Front 22

Memantine is a NMDA glutamate receptor blocker which is thought to be neuroprotective and hence is administered to those with Alzheimer's Disease to help prevent further neuronal damage. True or False?

Back 22

True

Front 23

The risk of Alzheimer's neuronal damage increases if NSAIDs and Statins are administered. True or False?

Back 23

False

Front 24

Risk reduction of Alzheimer's neuronal damage can be achieved if NSAIDs and Statins are administered. True or False?

Back 24

True

Front 25

Epilepsy is a sudden, excessive high frequency synchronous neuronal discharge which always results in a loss of consciousness. True or False?

Back 25

False

Front 26

Epilepsy is a sudden, excessive high frequency synchronous neuronal discharge which may result in loss of consciousness. True or False?

Back 26

True

Front 27

Epilepsy can be measured using EEG. What does EEG stand for?

Back 27

Electro-EncephaloGraphy (EEG)

Front 28

Epilepsy can be measured using MEG. What does MEG stand for?

Back 28

Magneto-EncepahloGraphy (MEG)

Front 29

Glutamate in the synapse is responsible for Neuronal Inhibition by allowing Cl- into cells and K+ out of cells. True or False?

Back 29

False

Front 30

Glutamate in the synapse is responsible for Neuronal Excitation by allowing Na+ and Ca++ to enter cells. True or False?

Back 30

True

Front 31

GABA in the synapse is responsible for Neuronal Excitation by allowing Na+ and Ca++ to enter cells. True or False?

Back 31

False

Front 32

GABA in the synapse is responsible for Neuronal Inhibition by allowing Cl- into cells and K+ out of cells. True or False?

Back 32

True

Front 33

A disturbed balance of excitation and inhibition can cause epilepsy:
• Increased excitation, normal inhibition
• Decreased inhibition, normal excitation
• Decreased inhibition, Increased excitation

True or False?

Back 33

True

Front 34

Epilepsy can be treated by drilling a hole into the head and letting the imbalance out. True or False?

Back 34

False

Front 35

Epilepsy can be treated by blocking Na+/Ca2+ (excitation) currents with drugs such as carbamazepine. True or False?

Back 35

True

Front 36

Epilepsy can be treated by Increasing K+ (inhibition) currents with drugs such as retigabine. True or False?

Back 36

True

Front 37

Epilepsy can be treated by reducing glutamate (excitatory) release with drugs such as phenytoin. True or False?

Back 37

True

Front 38

GABA receptors in people with epilepsy can be potentiated GABA with drugs such as diazepam. True or False?

Back 38

True

Front 39

Anxiety become pathological when response to non-threatening situations is interpreted as threatening. True or False?

Back 39

True

Front 40

Anxiety is the abnormal regulation or function of the
stress/fear pathways. True or False?

Back 40

True

Front 41

Treat physical symptoms of anxiety (racing heart, restlessness, palpitations, sweating, increased blood pressure, dry mouth) can be treated with statins. True or False?

Back 41

False

Front 42

Treat physical symptoms of anxiety (racing heart, restlessness, palpitations, sweating, increased blood pressure, dry mouth) can be treated with Beta Blockers. True or False?

Back 42

True

Front 43

To elevate the mood of anxiety sufferers, 5HT enhancing drugs can be given (a 5HT receptor agonist like chocolate). True or False?

Back 43

False

Front 44

To elevate the mood of anxiety sufferers, 5HT enhancing drugs can be given (a 5HT receptor agonist like buspirone or SSRIs like prozac). True or False?

Back 44

True

Front 45

In anxiety sufferers, it may be necessary to decrease psychological symptoms using ___________________ to potentiate GABA inhibition.

Back 45

benzodiazepines

Front 46

Treatments for depression and anxiety are pretty much the same. True of False?

Back 46

True

Front 47

The Monoamine hypotheses of depression states that depression is due to functionally monoaminase transmission. True or False?

Back 47

False

Front 48

The Monoamine hypotheses of depression states that depression is due to functionally deficient 5HT or NA transmission. True or False?

Back 48

True

Front 49

Type one, or positive symptoms of schizophrenia, include which 4 things?

Back 49

Hallucinations, Delusions, Abnormal behaviour, Abnormal language

Front 50

Type two, or negative symptoms of schizophrenia, include which 4 things?

Back 50

Avolition, Anhedonia, Affective blunting, Poverty of speech

Front 51

The Principal theory of schizophrenia causality it that there's over-activity of DA (Dopamine) mesolimbic pathway. True or False?

Back 51

True

Front 52

Pokémon Marathons are given to schizophrenics as primary treatment. True or False?

Back 52

False

Front 53

Typical antipsychotics (e.g. Chlorpromazine) and Atypical antipsychotics (e.g. Clozapine) are given to treat Schizophrenia. True or False?

Back 53

True