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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors prototype medication called? |
Captopril |
Starts with "C" and ends in "pril" |
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors medication typically ends in what? |
"pril" |
Rhymes with thrill |
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What angiotesin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor medication is only for IV use? |
Enalaprilat |
Only one ends in "prilat" |
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Explain angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors expected pharmacological action? |
ACE inhibitors reduce production of angiotensin II by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and increases levels of bradykinin. |
Blocks (A1-A2) |
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What are the therapeutic uses of ACE inhibitors? (5 things) |
1. Hypertension 2. Heart failure 3. Myocardial infarction 4. Diabetes/nondiabetic nephropathy 5. High risk cardiovascular event
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Issues with heart and circulation |
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What ACE inhibitor is used in clients to prevent MI, stroke, or death? |
Ramipril |
Starts with "R" |
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When taking an ACE inhibitor what complication can happen with the "First-dose"? |
Orthrostatic hypotension |
"First dose" |
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What important teaching should you do if a client is taking a diuretic and is going to start an ACE inhibitor? |
Stop the diuretic for 2-3 days prior to the start of the ACE inhibitor. |
Days |
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What are some complications you can experience with an ACE inhibitor? |
1. "First-dose" orthrostatic hypotension. 2. "Dry" Cough 3. Hyperkalemia 4. Rash 5. Dysgeusia (Altered taste) 6. Angioedema 7. Neutropenia
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7 things-think adverse side effects |
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When starting an ACE inhibitor what would the nurse monitor for 2 hours after initiation of treatment? And why? |
First dose orthrostatic hypotension, the nurse would monitor blood pressure. |
"First-dose" / Vital |
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Clients on ACE inhibitors may have a ______ cough. |
"DRY" |
Opposite of wet |
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What causes the "dry" cough when taking an ACE inhibitor? |
The inhibition of kinase II, which results in an increase of bradykinin. |
Alternative name for ACE that starts with a "K" |
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What is high serum potassium levels called? |
Hyperkalemia |
"Hyper--?" |
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What is normal serum potassium levels? |
3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L |
Number range |
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When taking an ACE inhibitor what would you advise your clients to avoid to prevent hyperkalemia? |
Salt substitutes that contain potassium |
Helps give flavor to foods |
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What are signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia? Where would these be felt? |
1. Numbness 2. Tingling 3. Parenthesia (burning sensation)
In the hands and feet it would be felt. |
3 things |
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While taking the ACE inhibitor Captopril, what two adverse effects should be reported to the provider? |
1. Rash 2. Dysgeusia (Altered taste) |
Primarily effects with Captopril |
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What is dysgeusia? |
Altered taste |
Deals with the tongue |
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What is angioedema? How do you treat it? |
Angioedema is swelling of the tongue and oral pharynx.
Treat severe effects with subq of epinephrine. |
Deals with tongue-oral pharynx |
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What is a rare but serous complication when taking the ACE inhibitor called Captopril? What would be 3 things to monitor? |
Neutropenia
1. Monitor WBC every 2 weeks for 3 months then periodically. 2. Fever 3. Sore throat |
Ends in "-penia" |
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What are expected actions in the body with an ACE inhibitor? |
1. Vasodilation (Mostly arteriole) 2. Excretion of sodium and water 3. Retention of potassium by kidneys 4. Reduction in pathological changes in the blood vessels and heart that result from the presence of angiotensin II and aldosterone. |
Vaso...NA+...H20....A2...ALD |
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What three things increases the risks of hyperkalemia? |
1. Salt substitutes containing K+ 2. K+ supplements 3. K+ sparing diuretics |
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ACE inhibitors can contribute to an increase in what medication to cause toxicity? |
Lithium toxicity (Monitor lithium levels to avoid) |
This med should always be monitored through blood due to its Narrow therapeutic range. |
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What OTC medication can decrease the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors? (Avoid concurrent use) |
NSAIDs |
It's a Cox-1 inhibitor |
