Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the mechanism of local anesthetics?
|
* Interact with sodium channels to decrease permeability of excited cell membranes to Na+ ions
* Blocks Na+ channels to stop nerve conduction |
|
|
What are the 2 types of local anesthetics?
|
* Amides
* Aminoesters |
|
|
How are amides metabolized?
|
***Biotransformation in the liver****
*Important because if patient has liver disease, it affects how these drugs are metabolized |
|
|
How are aminoesters metabolized?
|
**Hydrolysis of ester link by plasma esterases (such as cholinesterase)**
* Can use without potential side effects in liver disease patients |
|
|
What were the 3 amides (local anesthetics) discussed in class?
|
* Lidocaine
* Mepivicaine * Bupivacaine |
|
|
What were the 2 aminoesters (local anesthetics) discussed in class?
|
* Benzocaine
* Proparacaine (approved for use in animals) |
|
|
What is the only parentally admin local anesthetic that is FDA approved in horses?
|
Mepivicaine
|
|
|
What are the 2 possible side effects (toxicities) associated with local anesthetics?
|
1. Cardiotoxicity: hypotension and dysrhythmia
2. Neurotoxicity: generalized descending CNS depression |
