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8 Cards in this Set
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Antifungals |
Systemic agents: severely disseminated fungal infections - blood stream. Must have C & S confirmed Notorius adverse reactions: Skin reactions, liver/renal failure, GI effects |
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Systemic Antifungals AMPHOTERICIN B |
Progressive, potentially fatal fungal infections (mycosis). IV only Severe ADR - Kidney failure other: Ototoxicity Lab test - baseline and periodic: C&S, BUN and any KFT, LFT, Serum elyte (K, Mg, Na, Ca) Test dose given - Premedication (acetaminophen/dyphenhydramine) Monitor V/S qh4, I&O and Wt and Ototoxicity signs (report immediately) Amph B injection NO dose greater than 1.5mg/kg D2D: nephrotoxic drugs - antineoplastics, cyclosporine, corticosteroids (unless absolutely necessary) |
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Azole Antifungals FLUCONAZOLE |
Prophylactic tx for reducing candidiasis in BMT pts. CI: renal and liver dysfunction Severe ADR: Liver or renal toxicity, disturbed sensory perception r/t CNS effects. Monitor: S&S of hepatoxicity, LFT and KFT D2D: Inhibits CYP450 |
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KETOCONAZOLE Orally to tx same mycosis as Amphotericin B. Blocks activity of a steroid in fungal wall. Absorbed in GI, metabolized in liver, excreted in feces. |
Blocks activity of steroids including testosterone and cortisol (inc. fatigue, dcr. libido). CI: Not for pts w/infertility or endocrine problems. AE: Hepatotoxicity D2D: inhibits CYP450 NC: Take w/ food, juice or cola. Avoid antacids for at least 2 hrs. Avoid alcohol use. Photosensitivity. |
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Topical Antifungals CLOTRIMAZOLE |
AE: Burning or irritation in the sexual partner |
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Antimalarial Agent CHLOROQUINE
Malaria (Protozoal disease) - female anopheles mosquito |
CI: Liver disease, alcoholism, lactation Caution: retinal disease, psoriasis AE: Visual disturbances (retinal damage) Ototoxicity, hepatic and cardiac toxicity NC: Monitor for changes in vision(protect eyes). Report promptly: visual/hearing changes. S&S of blood dyscrasia. May cause rusty, yellow, brown discoloration of urine. |
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Anti-infectious Protozoal Diseases (amebiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis) METRONIDAZOLE |
CI: NO alcohol while and 3 days after ending tx. D2D: Anticoagulants inc risk for bleeding SE: Serious GI effects lead to discontinuation- metallic fast, N/V/D, darkening of urine NC: Report symp of candida overgrowth. Do not breastfeed while tx. |
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Antihelminthic Agents MEBENDAZOLE Infection of GI or other tissues due to worms (round/flat) |
Ca: Presence of severe renal/hepatic disease Malnutrition,Severe diarrhea AE: Abdominal pain, diarrhea. NC: No pregnancy/ No breastfeed chewable tab available Tx entire family at once. Emphasis in sanitation. Can be used by children 2 and up Pyrantel (one single dose med pinworms/roundworms) |
