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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Amantadine - contraindications
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Renal impairment, chf, orthostatic hypotension, edema, sz disorder, psychosis, dermatitis
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Entacapone - action
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Inhibits dopamine metabolism
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Barbituartes - adverse affects
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Sedation, dizziness, lethargy, cognitive impairment, behavioral changes, tolerance, dependence, dermatitis, Stevens Johnson's Syndrome
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anamtadine - clinical uses |
Parkinsons, influenza A prophylaxis and tx.
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SSRI - contraindications
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within 14 days of MAOI use. Avoid abrupt withdrawal. Impaired renal or liver function. Suicidal pts.
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Hydantions - Mechanism of action
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INhibits and stabilizes electrical discharges. Raises sz threshold.
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Pramipexole - adverse affects
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Dizziness, somnolence, drowsiness, hallucinations, hypotension
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Bromocriptine - clinical uses
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Parkinson's, hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly
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Barbiturates - Clinical uses
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sz, status epilepticus, febrile sz, sedative
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Pramipexole - clinical uses
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Parkinsons
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Entacapone - drug interactions
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Dobutamine, methyldopa, isoproterenol, TCA's, MAOI's, sedatives, dopamine antagonists, erythromycin, ampicillin, cholestyramine
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SSRi pharmacokinetics
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Thoroughly absorbed PO. Metabolized in liver. Excreted via kidneys. Onset of respones = 3-6 weeks. Long 1/2 life.
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Succinimides - clinical uses
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absence sz - DOC
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Barbiturates - drug interactions
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Cytochrome P450 enzyme involvement. CNS depressants, acetaminophen, anticoagulants, OCP, TCA's, antibiotics
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Amantadine - side effects
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Dizziness, anxiety, impaired coordination, restlessness, irritability, confusion, hellucinations, depression, orthostatis hypotension, edema, enaorxia, xerostomia
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Succinimides - contraindications
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Pregnancy class C. Lactation, liver problems, blood dyscrasias
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Tolcapone - contraindications
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Driving, hepatic disease, hypotension, sycnope, diarrhea, hematuria
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Succinimides - adverse affects
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N&V, lethargy, sedation, dizziness
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Benzodiazepine - mechanism of action
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Increase action of GABA, decreasing the effect of neuronal excitation.
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Succinimides - drug interactions
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CNS depressants, etoh, hydantoins, OCP
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Pramapexole - Drug interactions
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Dopamine antagonists, cimetidine
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SSRI - mechanism of action
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Selective action against serotonin pump (5ht transporter). Blocks reuptake of serotonin
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Pramipexole - contraindications
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Caution while driving. Caution with hypotension and renal insufficiency
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Entacapone - clinical uses
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Parkinson's
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Barbiturates - contraindications
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Pregnancy class D. Renal and liver failure, heart problems, chronic respiratory disease
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Stimulants - Clinical uses
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ADHD
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Succinimides - example
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Ethosuximide
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Hydantions - adverse effects
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Gingival hyperplasia, nystagmus, confusion, hirsutism, hypotension, neuropathy, sedation, teratogenesis
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Ropinirole - actions
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Stimulates dopamine receptors. Non-ergot dopamine agonist that acts on D2 and D3 receptors
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Bromocriptine - action
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Stimulates dopamine receptors - ergot alkaloid that is a D2 agonist. Growth hormone stimulant.
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Entacapone - adverse affects
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Dizziness, sedation, confusion, hallucinations, diarrhea, abd pain, hypotension, syncope, hematuria, elevated hepatic enzymes
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Benzodiazepines - examples
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Diazepam, clonazepam, lorazepam, chlordiazepoxide
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Hydantions - Uses
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Sz, Prophylaxis for status epilepticus, arrythmias
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Ropinirole - drug interactions
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Cimetidine, cipro, clarithromycin, diltiazem, erythromycin, fluvoxamine, omeprazole, ritonavir, carbamezepine, phenobarb, dilantin, dopamine antagonists
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Valproates - adverse affects
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N&V, weight gain, sedation, ataxia, tremor, hepatotoxicity
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Benzodiazepines - clinical uses
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Status epilepticus (diazepam is DOC), absence sz, acute etoh withdrawal, anxiety (short term)
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Ropinirole - clinical uses
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Parkinsons
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Benzodiazepines - adverse affects
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Drowsiness, lethargy, respiratory and cardiovascular depression
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Stimulants - contraindications
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Pregnancy, lactation, glaucoma, Tourette's syndrome, anxiety, MAOI, CV disease, hypertension, sz, hyperthyroidism, alcohol/drug abuse
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Bromocriptine - adverse affects
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Hypotension, confusion, hallucinations, dyskinesias, N&V, constipation, anorexia
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SSRI - clinical uses
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Depression, OCD, bulimia nervosa, panic, anxiety, PTSD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder
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stimulants - drug interactions
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MAOI's (hypertensive reaction), SSRI (increase serum concentration of SSRI's)
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Benzodiazepines - contraindications
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Pregnancy, lactation, hepatic and renal disease, acute closed angle glaucoma, dependancy
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Benzodiazepines - drug interactions
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CNS depressants, barbiturates, etoh, antihistamines, neuroleptics, TCA's, digitalis
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Hydantions - Examples
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Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
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Ropinirole - adverse affects
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Diaphoresis, flushing, xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness, hyperesthesia, restlessness, vertigo, hypotension, a-fib, s. tach, syncope, abd pain, flatulence
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Succinimides - mechanism of action
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Suppression of motor cortex, inhibition of stimuli. Decreases sz threshold.
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Hydantions - Drug interactions
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Cytochrome P450 enzyme involvement. Tagamet, antabuse, etoh, salicylates, valporic acid, rifampin, antacids, tegretol, estrogens, haldol, steroids, dopamine, lasix
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SSRI - drug interactions
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Other sertonergics, ergotamine, MAOI's, valporate, carbamazepine, TCA's, benzodiazepines
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Bromocriptine - drug interactions
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CYP3A4 enzyme substrate agents (erythromycin, protease inhibitors), amiutryptiline, imipramine, methyldopa, phenothiazines, reseprine, ergot alkaloids
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Valproates - examples
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Valporic acid (depakote, depacon)
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SSRI adverse affects
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Serotonin syndrome (N&V, diarrhea, chills, sweating, hyperthermia, hypertension, cyocolinc herking, agitation, ataxia, disorientation, cofusion, delium - leads to coma or death).. Common affects - insominia, H/a, fatifue, anorexia, decreased libido, delayed ejacuation, impotence
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Hydantions - contraindications
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Pregnancy category C. Cardiad problems, hypotension, liver damage
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Valproates - mechanism of action
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Increases action of GABA
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Entacapone - contraindications
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Driving, hepatic disease, hypotension, sycnope
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Valproates - clinical uses
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Absence, mixed, myoclonic, generalized sz, bipolar disorder
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Levo/carbodopa - clinical uses
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Parkinson's
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Valproates - drug interactions
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Phenobarb, phenytoin, carbamazepine, CNS depressants
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SSRI - class
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antidepressants
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Valproates - contraindications
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Pregnancy class D (associated with spina bifida), liver disease, bleeding disorders, renal impairment.
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Tolcapone - drug interactions
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dobutamine, methyldopa, isoproterenol, TCA's, MAOI's, sedatives, dopamine antagonists
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MAOI - examples
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Nardil, parnate
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TCA- class
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antidepressants
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ropinirole - contraindications
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Caution with driving. Syncope, hypotension, hepatic disease, psychosis
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Stimulants - examples
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Dextroamphetamine (dexedrine, adderall)
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What are the three things anti-parkinson drugs do?
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1. Increase dopamine levels (levodopa plus carbidopa)
2. Stimulate dopamine receptors (bromocriptine, pergolide, pramipexole, ropinirole) 3. Inhibit dopamine metabolism (selegiline, topcapone, entacapone) |
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Selegiline - clinical uses
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Parkinson's
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Pergolide - action
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Stimulates dopamine recpetors. Semi-synthetic ergot alkaloid. D1 and D2 agonist. 10x more powerful than bromocriptine.
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Barbiturates - mechanism of action
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Ingibits GABA receptors. Causes membrane hyperpolarization, and decrease in neuronal excitability. Increases sz thershold.
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TCA - examples
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amitriptyline, clomapramine, imipramine, protriptyline, desipramine, doxepin, nortriptyline, trimipramine
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Pergolide - clinical uses
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Parkinson's
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Selegiline - action
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Inhibits dopamie metabolism. Non-competetive antagonist of MAO type B (oxidizes dopamine in the brain)
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TCA - uses
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depression, ocd, enuresis in kids, anxiety, chronic pain
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MAOI - class
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antidepressant
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TCA - mechanism of action
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Blocks serotonin and norepi reuptake pumps. BLocks muscarinic cholinergic, histamine and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors
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TCA - phramacokinetics
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Thoroughly absorbed PO. Metabolized in liver excreted via kidneys. 1/2 life average = 24-36 hours. 2-4 weeks before remission of symptoms
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TCA - drug interactions
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CNS depressants, SSRI's, Ca channel blockers, propoxyphens, OCP, anticholinergics, carbamazepine, phenytoin, MAOI's, clonidine, cannabis
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TCA - adverse affects
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dry mouth, constipation, weight gain, urinary hesitancy, gynecomastia, libido changes, hypotension, sedation
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Stimulants - mechanism of action
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Prevents reuptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepi in the presynaptic nerve endings. Stimulates the brain stem and cerebral cortex.
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Seligiline - drug interactions
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MAOI's, TCA's, fluoxetine, SSRI's, meperidine, serotonin receptor agopnists, COP, tramadol, tyramine
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Selegiline - adverse affects
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Confusion, hallucinations, loss of balance, insomnia, dyskinesia, labile emotions, hypotension, cyncope, dysphagia, dyspepsia, peripheral edema, urinary retention
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Levodopa plus carbidopa - action
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Increases dopamine levels. Rapidly converts to dopamine in PNS and CNS. Crosses blood brain barrier.
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TCA - contraindications
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cardiovascular disease (recent MI), glaucoma, prostate hypertrophy, MAOI's, pregnancy, sz, impaired liver function. Caution with children, elderly and suicidal pts, even more so than with SSRI's
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SSRI - examples
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prozac, sarafem, paxil celexa, zoloft, luvox, lexapro
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Levo/carbodopa - side effects
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Anorexia, N&V, constipation, dyskinesia, involuntary movements, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, arrythmias, confusion, nightmares, anxiety
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Barbiturates - examples
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Phenobarbital
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Pergolide - drug interactions
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Dopamine antagonists, phenothiazines, droperidol, metoclopramide
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MAOI - adverse affects
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Abrupt discontinuation - withdrawal. Insomnia, anxiety, agitation, dryu mouth, urinary retention, decreased sexual function.
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Amantadine - drug interactions
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Dopamine antagonists, anticholinergics, TCA, sedating anti-histamines, triamterine, hctz
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MAOI - mechanism of action
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inhibits MAO which metabolizes norepi, serotonin and dopamine. This increases bioavailabity of these neurotransmitters
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MAOI - phramacokinetics
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rapidly and thoroughlly absorbed PO. Metabolized i liver and excreted via urine. Relief of symptoms in 14 days.
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Levo/carbidopa - drug interactions
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Pyridoxine (vitamin B-6), dopamine antagonists, MAOI's
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MAOI - clinical uses
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Not commony used due to drug interactions and side effects. Can be used for refractory unipolar dipression, bulimia.
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Pergolide - adverse affects
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Diskinesias, dystonic reactions, hallucinations, drowsiness, anxiety, insomnia, hypotension, palpitations, abd pain, constipation, anorexia
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Stimulants - pharmacokinetics
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Metabolized in the liver, excreted in kidneys
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Amantadine - action
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Increases dopamine levels. Anti-viral agent that blocks dopamine uptake
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Bromocriptine - contraindications
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Severe ischemic heart dis4ease, peripheral vascular disorders, pregnancy
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Stimulants - adverse affects
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Insominia, restlessness, irritability, euphoria, h/z, dizziness, anorexia, abd pain, weight loss, tachycardia, blood pressure changes, growth supression (temporary)
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Pramipexole - actions
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Stimulates dopamine receptors. Non-ergot dopamine agonist that binds to D2 and D3 receptors in the substantia nigra
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Stimulants - examples
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Methylphenidate (ritalin, methylin, metadata, concerta)
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Tolcapone - adverse affects
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Dizziness, sedation, confusion, hallucination, diarrhea, anorexia, hypotension, syncope, hematuria, elevated hepatic enzymes
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MAOI - drug interactions
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Anticholinergics, sympathomimetics, stimulants, foods with tyramine, SSRI's, CNS depressants, antihypertensives, diuretics, meperidine, TCA"s, OTC cold medicines
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Levo/carbidopa - contraindications
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Glaucoma, MI, arrythmias, astham, PUD
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Pergolide - contraindications
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Hypotension
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Seligiline - contraincications
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PUD, dementia, tardive dyskinesia
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Tolcapone - actions
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Inhibits dopamine metabolism. Selective and revensibke ingibitor of catechol-o-methyltrnasferase (metabolizes catecholamines). Leads to sustained plasma levels of levodopa to cross into CNS
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Tolcapone - clinical uses
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Parkinson's
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MAOI - contraindications
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Liver and kidney disease, CHF, atherosclerotic disease, >60 y/o, SSRI use, buproprion use, general anesthesia, children, pregnancy category C
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