• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/22

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define: pharmacokinetics
Drug -> time -> distribution(concentration in different compartments) -> elimination (body on drugs)
Define: pharmakodynamics
Drug effects in different compartments of the body (biochemical and physiological)(drug on body)
What is a place in the blood where free drug can be bound?
Binds to albumin
What are the processes happening in pharmacodynamics?
Pharmacologic effect -> clinical response -> Efficacy + toxicity (drug on body)
What are the 3 processes in pharmacokinetics?
1. Absorption, 2. distribution, 3. elimination (body on drug)
What are the action of the body on the drug(pharmacokinetics)
1. Absorption(blood stream), 2. distribution(moves to site of action), 3. metabolism(degradation/activation of prodrugs), 4. excretion(removal) (AD ME)
What are the actions of the drug on the body (pharmacodynamics)
1. Therapeutic effects(desired effect), 2. side effects(undesirable effects), 3. toxic effects (ie antihistamines high dose -> psychosis)
What accounts for the blood having the same drug concentration even though drug is being eliminated?
Bound drug (albumin + drug) is being released into the blood as free drug thus keeping the concentration while being eliminated the same
What is the MOA of drugs for pinocytosis/exocytosis?
Blood plasma -> caveolae -> pinocytosis -> vesicular transport -> exocytosis
What happens when drugs distribute to other sites?
U get side effects
Which form of the drug is able to tissues - free or bound?
Free drug is available to tissues since proteins(bound drug) does not typically penetrate into tissues
What happens to free drug once is distributes to other sites?
Becomes a reservoir and causes side effects
What drives the movement of drugs in the body?
Driven by concentration of FREE DRUG(↑ [free drug] in plasma -> ↑ tissue penetration; ↓ [free drug] -> drug returns from tissues to bloodstream
Minimum effective dose
The minimum amount of [drug] needed in the blood to get the desired effect
Minimum effective concentration =
No relief of headache until drug gets to this concentration
What does the ascending part of drug curve tell u/ descending part?
Ascending = absorption > metabolism/excretion; descending = metabolism/excretion > absorption
Why would there be different MECs for a drug?
Different concentrations of a drug can have different actions(ie 325 aspirin for cardiovascular protection, 650 aspirin for headache)
What sis the driving force for transporters?
Active transport, facilitated diffusion, SSRI block reuptake of NT thus more around in the cleft
What are the 4 ways molecules can pass thru membranes?
1. Aqueous diffusion(concentration gradient), 2. lipid diffusion(concentration gradient), 3. transporters(active transport), 4. endocytosis/exocytosis
Diffusion of aqueous pores vs transporter movement
Aqueous pores = passive diffusion and unsaturatable, transporters use proteins and can be saturated and inhibited
What is an example of blocking a transporter thus ↑ NT in synaptic cleft?
SSRI - blocks reuptake of serotonin thus more serotonin in synaptic cleft -> feels good
What is Fick's law of diffusion?
↑ area = ↑ diffusion, ↑ concentration = ↑ diffusion, ↑ membrane resistance = ↓ diffusion, ↑ thickness = ↓ diffusion