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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of base is Vanishing Cream?
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O/W emulsion
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What type of base is Hydrous Lanolin?
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W/O emulsion
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What type of base is Yellow Ointment USP?
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hydrocarbon
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What type of base is Cold Cream?
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W/O emulsion
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What type of base aids the most in skin permeability?
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hydrocarbon
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What type of base is Modified Lanolin?
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absorption
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What type of base is Hydrophilic Ointment?
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O/W emulsion
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What type of base is White Petrolatum?
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hydrocarbon
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What type of base is Polyethylene Glycol Ointment USP?
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water-soluble
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What type of base is Polysorb?
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absorption
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What type of base is used for an antibiotic that is easily hydrolyzed?
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hydrocarbon
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What type of base is Wool Fat?
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absorption
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What type of base is the most nongreasy?
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water-soluble
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What type of base is the most occlusive?
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hydrocarbon
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What is the outermost layer of the epidermis?
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stratum corneum
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Most ointments and creams have what type of fluid motion?
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plastic fluid
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Which of the following are advantages for oral inhalation?
I. rapid onset of action II. bypass the hepatic metabolism III. less side effects |
I, II, and III
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Which of the following propellants shouldn't be used for topical aerosol formulations?
I. Propellant 12 (fluorocarbon) II. Propane III. Isobutane |
only I
I is for oral/nasal; II and III are for topical |
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Propellant 12 and 114 would be used in what type of inhalation?
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oral
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In an aerosol formulation, what does alcohol act as? What does this make the formulation?
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cosolvent
it makes the formulation a two-phase system |
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What types (2) of things need shake well labels?
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suspensions (denoted by the term micronized)
Providone because it is a foaming agent |
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In a two-phase aerosol, isopropyl mystristate can be replaced with what?
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light mineral oil
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In an oral inhalation aerosol, sorbitan trioleate can be replaced with what?
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Span 80
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True or False: The drug with decreased polarity will be absorbed at a slower rate.
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False
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True or False: The smaller the molecular size of the drug, the faster the rate of PA.
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True
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True or False: The thicker the skin, the slower the rate of PA.
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True
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True or False: The higher the affinity of the drug to the ointment bases, the slower the absorption.
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True
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True or False: The lower the concentration of the drug, then the rate of PA increases.
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False
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Absorbed quantity of drug per unit of time (drug release rate) from membrane reservoir controlled TDDS is directly proportional to what?
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Drug solubility (Cs) and Surface area (S)
know equation |
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What is the ideal weight for vaginal suppositories?
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5 g
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What form of cocoa butter is suitable for suppositories?
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Beta
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Characteristics of suppositories do not include what?
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release and absorption of drug is predictable
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Which suppository bases melt rather than dissolve when inserted into the rectum? (2)
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Cocoa Butter and Witepsol
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Most commercial vaginal suppositories use which base?
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glycerinated gelatin
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Name 6 drugs that are incompatible with cocoa butter.
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chloral hydrate, thymol, phenol, camphor, menthol, volatile oils
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How many grams of cocoa butter are needed to formulate 6 suppositories each of which contain 0.3 g drug using 2 g of cocoa butter mold?
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10.88 g
2-(.3/1.6)=1.8125 1.8125 x 6 = 10.88 1.6 is the density factor for cocoa butter, .3 is the amount of drug, and 2 is constant |
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Which combinations of drug and suppository base allow rapid release?
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water-soluble drug/fatty base
water-soluble drug/water-soluble base |
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Name 3 drugs that are incompatible with PEG suppository base?
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sodium barbital, quinine, benzocaine
also - silver salts, tannic acid, aminopyrine, ichthammol, aspirin, iodochlorhydroxyquin, sulfoamides, salicylic acid, camphor |
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Suppository bases need lubricant for what?
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glycerinated gelatin
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The major disadvantages in transdermal system development are what?
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limited choice of drugs that are suitable for the skin permeation and allergenicity due to adhesives
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Absorbed quantity of drug per unit of time (drug release rate) from matrix controlled TDDS is directly proportional to what?
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surface area (S)
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In the fusion method of making cocoa butter base suppositories, what substance is more likely to be used for lubricating the metal mold?
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propylene glycol
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Rancidity problem is associated with the presence of unsaturated double bonds and is normally due to what?
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glyceryl trioleate
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TDDS has the following advantages of oral administration except what?
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easy control of drug absorption rate (permeability) through the skin
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Adding a suitable agent to form a paste and then rubbing or grinding the paste describes the process of what?
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levigation
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What is used to design oral aerosol dosage forms?
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Raoult's Law
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What is the TDDS for contraceptive application?
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Ortho Evra
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Which bases are greasless?
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O/W emulsion, water soluble
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Which base is the most occlusive?
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hydrocarbon
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Which base is removable?
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O/W emulsion
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Which base is the least emollient and most washable, not including water-soluble?
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O/W emulsion
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Which base (between W/O, O/W, and water soluble) is the most effective in skin hydration?
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W/O base
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Which base is the most effective for incorporating hydrolytically unstable drugs?
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hydrocarbon
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In O/W bases, polyethylene glycol can be replaced with what?
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glycerin
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In W/O bases, sodium borate can't be replaced with what?
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calcium carbonate
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In O/W bases, sodium lauryl sulfate can't be replaced with what?
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sorbitan tristearate
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In absorption bases, methyl paraben can't be replaced with what?
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butyl alcohol
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Which base is the least occlusive?
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water-soluble
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Vanishing cream is what type of base?
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emulsion (O/W to be specific)
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What are 2 major disadvantages in TDDS development?
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limited choice of drugs for skin permeation and allergenicity due to adhesives
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Drug release rate from matrix is proportional to what?
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surface area
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Cumulative amount of drug released is inversely proportional to what?
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membrane thickness
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What is not true about percutaneous absorption?
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the drug with the higher polarity absorbs faster
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What type of TDDS can be cut in half?
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Any membrane controlled transdermal system, Estraderm
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What is Cutivate?
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corticosteroid
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What is Oxytrol?
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overactive bladder
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Where are melanocyte cells?
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between the dermis and the epidermis
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What type of base is Rose Water Ointment?
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W/O emulsion
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Rancidity problem due to unstable double bond is associated with what?
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oleic acid derivative, so use glycerol trioleate
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A satisfactory suppository base does not have what quality?
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melt below 27 C
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What is not a quality of cocoa butter?
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soluble in water
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What is the weight of vaginal suppositories?
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5 g
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Which rectal vein is connected to the liver?
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superior rectal vein
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In the fusion method for making PEG suppositories, which is likely to be used to lubricate metal mold?
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mineral oil
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Rectal routes are useful:
I. when oral route is not feasible II. avoids hepatic first pass III. has predictable release and absorption |
I and II
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Which of the Theobroma forms is suitable for suppositories?
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Beta
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Drug that is incompatible with PEG suppositories:
I. Menthol II. Quinine III. Camphor |
II and III
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Most ointment creams have what type of movement?
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plastic fluid
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