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17 Cards in this Set

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Antiseptics

used topically, living tissue. Clean wound, prepare for injection/surgery. "Clean people".

Disinfectants

sterilize inanimate objects (surgical instruments) "Clean things".

Antiseptics/disinfectants stop infections by killing microorganisms. How?

Denaturing - protein


Decreasing- cell wall tension


Inhibiting- metabolism/enzymes


Attacking- cell membranes

Sterilization
  • Only objects

  • Aldehydes- sterilizing disinfectants, too potent to use on living tissue. No antiseptic use (non-antiseptic).

Iodine

Effective presurgery antiseptic. Too much absorption can cause GI damage, hypothyroidism

Antiseptics
  • No oral
  • Local irritation: dryness, rash, hypersensitivity

The terms antiseptic and disinfectant are synonymous

F

All disinfectants sterilize things

F

Not all antiseptics can be used on open wounds

T

Hydrogen peroxide is a must for any home medicine cabinet

F

Bacteria

shape, groupings, stains

Antibiotic drugs


  • 2 categories
  • Bactericidal, bacteriostatic

Drugs extracted from microorganisms
  • Antibiotics

Synthetic antibacterial drugs
  • Antimicrobials

Antibacterial drugs
  • A,C,F,P bactericidal
  • M,S,T bacteriostatic

  • A,C,M,P,T antibiotic
  • F, S antimicrobial


A- Aminoglycosides


C- Cephalosporins


F- Fluroquinolones


P- Penicillin


M-Macrolides


S- Sulfonamides


T- Tetracyclines

Aminoglycosides
  • Can damage cranial nerve VIII
  • Bactericidal, attach themselves to bacteria, inhibit protein synthesis

  • Used for serious infections in hospitalized patients
  • Clean bowel of excess bacteria before surgery

  • Treat UTIs
  • Streptomycin
    • Used in treatment of TB, plague

Adverse effects


  • Nausea vomiting diarrhea
  • Nephrotoxicity
  • Ototoxicity
  • Increased casts
  • Albuminuria
  • Oliguria

  • Birth defects

Cast

A lump of dead cells that abnormally collects in the body.