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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
filtration
both nutrients and wastes moved from glomerulus to bowman's capsule by high pressure in glomerulus. (blood to tubule)
reabsorption
chiefly nutrients moved from tubule back to the blood; often done by active transport.
active transport.
chiefly nutrients moved from tubule back to the blood; often done by ________ ___________.
secretion
chiefly waste products or foreign materials moved from blood to tubule at any point after Bowman's capsule; often done by active transport.
bowman's
chiefly waste products or foreign materials moved from blood to tubule at any point after ________ capsule; often done by active transport.
active
chiefly waste products or foreign materials moved from blood to tubule at any point after Bowman's capsule; often done by _______ transport.
Proximal convoluted tubule
most substance reabsorbed here including 100% of most nutrients. WHen Na+ is reabsorbed, either CI- or HCO3- is reabsorbed with it to maintain electrical balance. Some secretion also occurs here.

Where does this take place?
Loop of henle
concentration of the medulla, upper portion actively reabsorb CI- and Na+.

Where is this?
Distal convuluted tubule
aldosterone works here controlling Na+, K+, and H+. When aldosterone is present, Na+ is reabsorbed, while either K+ or H+ is secreted.
Because also depleting H+ and K+ by excreting in urine and moving H+ in cells.
Why would K+ depletion cause systemic alkalosis?
Collecting tubule
regulation of water (concentration or dilution of urine) under control of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary. This is only permeable to water.

Where is this?
more ADH is released

more H20 is reabsorbed

urine becomes more concentrate
What should happen when the blood becomes too concentrated?
less ADH is released

less water is reabsorbed

urine becomes more dilute.
What should happen when the blood becomes too dilute?
Syndrome of Inappropiate ADH
What does SIADH stand for?
secreting tumor of post. pit. and other parts of the body including lungs.
What does SIADH cause?
too much ADH is being secreted.

result: fluids become too dilute.
What is SIADH?
Respiratory
Renal
What are the two systems involved in acid-base balance?
DCT

increases Na+ reabsorption
increases K+ secretion
Where does Aldosterone act in the kidney? What does it do?
Respiratory system

To correct alkalosis
decreases respiratory rate, retaining CO2. The carbonic acid produced dissociates into H+ (which helps neutralize excess OH- and excess (uneeded) bicarbonate ion.

Where is this and what does it correct?
Kidney

To correct alkalosis
Where is this and what does it correct?

Helps eliminate excess bicarbonate ion @ PCT by reabsorbing less bicarbonate and more chloride.

Helps retain needed H+ by secreting less H+ and more K+.
Respiratory system

To correct acidosis
Where is this and what does it correct?

Increases respiratory rate, removing CO2, and therefore, corbonic acid.
Kidney

To correct acidosis
Where is this and what does it correct?

Reabsorbs more bicarbonate ion (instead of chloride ion) in the proximal tubule.

Actively secretes more H+ instead of K+ in the distal tubule takes two days to reach maximum effect.