Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bronchiorelaxation
|
What is the most important responses observed from xanthines?
|
|
inhibits breakdown of cAMP
increases CNS activity dilates bronchioles dilates pulmonary blood vessels, but constricts cerebral vessels. note: activates P450 enzymes (in liver) so affects metabolism of many drugs. |
What is the mechanism of action for Xanthines?
|
|
mechanism of action for Xanthines
|
inhibits breakdown of cAMP
increases CNS activity dilates bronchioles dilates pulmonary blood vessels, but constricts cerebral vessels. note: activates P450 enzymes (in liver) so affects metabolism of many drugs. |
|
Therapeutic uses for Xanthines
|
a. pain from headache (caffeine often over the counter) -- conflicting evidence over effectiveness. No activity alone, only as potentiator of other analgesics
b. asthma, bronchitis, emphysema(aminophylline) c. counter drowsiness |
|
a. pain from headache (caffeine often over the counter) -- conflicting evidence over effectiveness. No activity alone, only as potentiator of other analgesics
b. asthma, bronchitis, emphysema(aminophylline) c. counter drowsiness |
What are the Therapeutic uses for Xanthines?
|
|
side effects for xanthines
|
a. increased HR and cardiac arrhythmias
b. increased gastric secretions (caffeine worst culprit) c. diuresis (not usually used as diuretic) d. Excess CNS stimulation - convulsions, insomnia withdrawl may cause headache and irritability |
|
a. increased HR and cardiac arrhythmias
b. increased gastric secretions (caffeine worst culprit) c. diuresis (not usually used as diuretic) d. Excess CNS stimulation - convulsions, insomnia withdrawl may cause headache and irritability |
What are the side effects for xanthines?
|
|
Cautions for Xanthines
|
a. Cardiac arrythmias
b. Ulcers c. Possible pregnancy |
|
a. Cardiac arrythmias
b. Ulcers c. Possible pregnancy |
What are the Cautions for Xanthines?
|
|
Cocaine
|
found in cola leaves from peru
CNS stimulant schedule II drug similar to amphetamines different b/c not approved by FDA, except as a local anesthetic. Used only in hospitals or clinics. |
|
Cocaine
|
similar to amphetamines
different b/c not approved by FDA, except as a local anesthetic. Used only in hospitals or clinics. |
|
intense
nosebleed |
Cocaine like amphetamine, but more _______. If sniff cocaine, side effect may be a ________.
|
|
Local anesthetics
|
What is the use for cocaine or cocaine-like derivatives?
|
|
not
anesthetics |
There are ____ general depressants as are the general __________.
|
|
Unknown, but seems to elevate threshold for excitment of neuron by decreasing permeability to all ions.
|
What is the mechanism of action for cocaine?
|
|
mechanism of action of cocaine
|
Unknown, but seems to elevate threshold for excitment of neuron by decreasing permeability to all ions.
|
|
side effects for cocaine
|
CNS - EARLY see signs of CNS stimulation (anxiety, restlessness, confusion, dizziness, tremors, convulsions); LATER may get depression, unconsciousness, and death.
cardiovascular - different from amphetamines b/c will see later depressant action directly on hear (bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrest) EARLY - like amphetamines, may begin with central stimulation causing increased BP and HR. LATER - But soon see depression probably due to direct action on heart. Allergic reactions - not common but are possible |
|
CNS - EARLY see signs of CNS stimulation (anxiety, restlessness, confusion, dizziness, tremors, convulsions); LATER may get depression, unconsciousness, and death.
cardiovascular - different from amphetamines b/c will see later depressant action directly on hear (bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrest) EARLY - like amphetamines, may begin with central stimulation causing increased BP and HR. LATER - But soon see depression probably due to direct action on heart. Allergic reactions - not common but are possible |
What are the side effects for cocaine?
|