Pharm Test 3

Front 1

Non-selective Cox inhibitors

Back 1

Aspirin, diflunisal, ibuprophen, naproxen, (acetominophen), diclofenac, ketolac

Front 2

Aspirin

Back 2

irreversible acetlyates cox enzymes

Front 3

diflunisal

Back 3

more potent than aspirin, but no antipyrogenic effect

Front 4

ibuprophen

Back 4

less side effects than aspirin

Front 5

acetaminophen

Back 5

not true cox inhibitor, but inhibits cox 3, works peripherally, causes hepatotoxicity at high doses

Front 6

diclofenac/ketorlac

Back 6

incorporates unesterefied AA into cox pathway, making less effective

Front 7

Lipoxygenase inhibitor

Back 7

Zileuton

Front 8

Anti-Arthritis Agents

Back 8

NSAIDS, Anti-rhumatoid (DMARDS, Methotrexate, hydroxychloroquinone, sulfasalazine, gold)

Front 9

Methotrexate

Back 9

dangerous, folate antagonist... methotrexate keeps your bones from achein

Front 10

Hydroxychloroquinone

Back 10

Puts malaria and arthritis in remission

Front 11

Sulfasalazine

Back 11

Scavanges 02 radicals which reduces arthritis

Front 12

Gold

Back 12

Unknown mechanism for arthritis inflammation reduction, but if you have a lot of gold, you prob dont have arthritis in the first place

Front 13

Anti-Gout agents

Back 13

NSAIDS, Colchcines, probenecid, allopurinol

Front 14

NSAIDS

Back 14

reduce pain and inflammation from gout

Front 15

Colchines

Back 15

inhibit leukocyte migration into inflammatory sites... leukocytes cant migrate without their colchi"jeans"

Front 16

Probenecid

Back 16

increases uric acid excretion... helps you excrete uric acid from your proboscus

Front 17

allopurinol

Back 17

inhibits uric acid synthesis - gout burns like sunburn, use allo to cure both

Front 18

Antihistaimes

Back 18

Amines(ofcourse)/azine-->adine-->idine
First gen H1: amine/azines
Second Gen H1:adine
H2:idine

Front 19

First gen H1

Back 19

ends in amine or azine ex: diphenhydramine (benedryl)
-have anticholinergic effects though, like dry mouth drousyness

Front 20

Anti-emetic??

Back 20

Dimenhydinate (dramamine)

Front 21

Second gen H1 antagonists

Back 21

ends in adine... less anticholinergic effects... loretadine and fexofenadine

Front 22

H2 antagonists

Back 22

ends in idine, treat gastic hyperacidity, mostly OTC
Cimetidine, famotaidine, ranitidine

Front 23

Cimitidine

Back 23

Cimitidine - know it inhibits Cyp450 and causes other drugs to increase plasma levels to toxic levels

Front 24

Famotidine

Back 24

FAMOus for not effecting cyp

Front 25

Ranidine

Back 25

Somewhere inbetween cimitine and famotidine

Front 26

Non histamine receptor agonists

Back 26

Cromylon and epinephrine

Front 27

Cromylon

Back 27

blocks mast cell degranulation

Front 28

Epinephrine

Back 28

counters physiologic effects of histamine>> causes vasocontriction and bronchodilation

Front 29

Penicillins

Back 29

beta-lactam, chemically antagonize aminoglycocides
penicillinG/V, nafcillin, oxacillin,methacillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, carbenicilin, ticarcillin

Front 30

penicillin G/V

Back 30

inhibits transpeptidase, spectrum=gram pos cocci

Front 31

Naficillin, oxacillin, methacillin

Back 31

beta-lactamase resistant, 1st choice against S.aureus/epiderminis (except methacillin due to MRSA)

Front 32

ampicillin/amoxicillin

Back 32

target gram neg (heomophilus, ecoli), administered with beta lactamase inhibitor
-Negative amps

Front 33

Carbenicillin/ticarcillin

Back 33

target mainly gram neg (enterobacter/psudomonas)
-negative carbs

Front 34

Cephalosporins

Back 34

very similar to penecillin but can penetrate CNS (good for menegococcal infections)
-excreted mainly by urine to ability to cross mbs freely

Front 35

First Gen cephalosporins

Back 35

Two shorter ceph drugs - cefazolin, cefalexin
-good for gram pos, decent at gram neg... good for strep/staph

Front 36

3rd/4th gen cephalosporins

Back 36

Two longer ceph drugs: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone,
-not as good agaisnt gram pos, better against gram neg, good for enterobactericiae

Front 37

Other B-lactams

Back 37

claculanic acid, sulbactam,, imipenem (when all other blactams fail) and azetronam only gram neg aerobic

Front 38

Beta lactamase procttion classes

Back 38

Class A,C,D - cleave via serine estrase
Class B - Zn dependant

Front 39

Class A

Back 39

degrates pen, ceph

Front 40

Class B

Back 40

destroy all beta lactams except azeteonam

Front 41

Class C

Back 41

C for Cephalosporins

Front 42

Class D

Back 42

cloxicillin (cl=d)

Front 43

Those effecting Protien synthesis

Back 43

Aminoglycosides, tetracyline, sulfonamides, Quinolones, Macrolides

Front 44

Aminoglycosides

Back 44

Bind to 30s subunit, only gram neg aerobes... most toxic (ototoxic, nephrotoxic)
All aminoglycosides end in mycin

Front 45

Neomycin

Back 45

used topically and orally to clean bowl prior to sx... having your bowl cleaned is a NEW feeling

Front 46

gentamycin

Back 46

1st choice, low cost

Front 47

streptomycin

Back 47

used in unusual mycobacterium infections along with other abs (tb)

Front 48

Tetracyclines

Back 48

Inibit tRNA binding to A site on ribosome

Front 49

Tetracyclin/doxycyclin

Back 49

doxycycline used for STD and rickettsial infections
tetracycline causes staining due to ion chelation

Front 50

Sulfonamindes

Back 50

mimic PABA and hibit folate sythasis initial step
-mainly urine eliminated (works well for UTIs)
-low toxicity, can cause blood dyscrasias and rashes
-also used orally for gut cleansing

Front 51

Only long acting sulfa?

Back 51

SulfaDIMEthoxine - a dime piece will take you a long way

Front 52

Trimethoprim (hint: works with sulfa)

Back 52

-blocks formation of tetrahydrafolic acid (late step in folate synthesis)

Front 53

Quinolones

Back 53

-inhibit DNA gyrase (Topoisomerase), much less than huma topoisomerase, less bac resistance, NOT for Preggers>cross mbs
-go flox yourself Dr. Quinn medicine woman

Front 54

DNalidixic acid, norfloxaxin, ciprofloxicin

Back 54

Quinolones

Front 55

Macrolides

Back 55

bind to 50 s subunit
Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin

Front 56

Erythromycin

Back 56

sensetive to stomac acid, mostly metabolized by cyps, mostly gram pos

Front 57

Clarithromycin

Back 57

acid stable, made so it CLEARS the stomach... some gram pos better with gram neg

Front 58

Azithromycin

Back 58

best macrolide with gram neg, not metabolized by cyps

Front 59

Bacitracin

Back 59

topical abx fo gram pos... you put bacitracin on your back zits

Front 60

vancomycin

Back 60

targets D-ala-D-ala only present in gram pos, can cause red-man syndrome (mast cell toxicity)

Front 61

chloramphenicol

Back 61

cheap, broad range, inhibits transferases
-can cause grey baby syndrome, used in poorer countries like chlorine

Front 62

Antifungals

Back 62

amphotericin B, Nystatin, azoles, griseofulvin, flucytosine, capsofungin

Front 63

amphoteracin B/nystatin

Back 63

creates a pore in membrane thats causes ion imbalance... nystatin only used topically

Front 64

azoles

Back 64

inhibit converson of ianesterol to egesterol>makes membrane more permiable> inhibited growth

Front 65

Ketoconazol

Back 65

orally for systemic infections

Front 66

Fluconazole

Back 66

orally or iv... the flux is either way

Front 67

Clotrimazol

Back 67

only used topicaaly

Front 68

Griseofulvin

Back 68

only systemic tx of dermatophytosis, griesy mat of dematophytes

Front 69

Flucysotsine

Back 69

Flourinate pyrimaine>> 5-fluorouracil inhbits DNA synthais

Front 70

Capsofungin

Back 70

new drug, iv for systemic

Front 71

Immunosuppressant drugs

Back 71

corticosteroids, cytotoxic agents, tcell supressants, and antibodies

Front 72

corticosteriods

Back 72

prednisone/prednisolone - arthritis tx, lyses lymphocytes

Front 73

cytotoxic agents

Back 73

cyclophosphamide, azathioprine

Front 74

cyclophosphamide

Back 74

supresses B cells - gotta cycle around around to make a B

Front 75

Azathioprine

Back 75

supresses T cells, azaThioprine

Front 76

cyclosporin

Back 76

like cyclophosphamide but supresses T cells

Front 77

Tacrolumus

Back 77

Tacrolimus supresses T-cells

Front 78

antithymocyte globulin

Back 78

polyclonal antibody against Tcells

Front 79

Muromonoab-CD3

Back 79

monoclonal antibody against tcells

Front 80

Antivirals

Back 80

amantadine/rimantadine, acyclovir/valcyclovir/famciclovir, Anti-HIVs (NRTIs,NNRTIs, Protease inhibitors)

Front 81

amantidine/rimantadine

Back 81

blocks viral uncoating, a MAN doesnt need a COAT

Front 82

acyclovir/valvyvlovir/famiciclovir

Back 82

nucleoside analogue

Front 83

FFoscarnet

Back 83

inhibits DNA poly, RNA poly, RTase... used in acyclovir resistant herpes... NOT a nuc. analogue

Front 84

NRTIs = nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Back 84

all sound like nuc. (udine/osine)

Front 85

NNTRI= non-NRTI

Back 85

Neva efa are nucleosides

Front 86

Protease inhibitors

Back 86

Square it up before you not the crap out of proteases
Saquinavir, ritonavir... but ritonavir will RIp your GI up

Front 87

Rapid acting Insulin

Back 87

insulin aspart, lispro, glulisine

glu your lips apart... its rapid

Front 88

short acting

Back 88

regular insulin

Front 89

intermediate acting

Back 89

isophane insulin suspension

Front 90

long acting

Back 90

insulin detemir (deter>to take longer, and GLargine(large=long)

Front 91

Hypoglycemic drugs

Back 91

Sulfonylureas, meglitinides, biguanides, Glucagon

Front 92

Sulfonylureas

Back 92

stimulate insulin secretion, tolazamide, glipizide, glyburide

Front 93

Megalitinides

Back 93

similar to sulonylureas... ends in glinide

Front 94

biguanides

Back 94

antihperglycemic... metformin

Front 95

tiazolidinediones

Back 95

antihyperglycemic... decrease insulin resistance.. pioglitazone, rosiglitazone

Front 96

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Back 96

acarbose