Pharm Test 2 - Study Guide (31-36)

Front 1

diabetes insipidus

what is it?

2 symptoms?

Back 1

a pituitary hormone problem in which the body doesn’t respond to ADH and it is constantly urinating. You can loose anywhere from 4-24 L a day

excessive urination
dehydration

Front 2

diabetes insipidus

acute treatment

Back 2

Vasopressin

5-10 units: IM or SQ

0.5ml = 10units

Front 3

diabetes insipidus

maintenance treatment

side affect:
drug of choice for:

Back 3

Desmopressin DDAVP

PO 0.1-1.2 mg in divided doses bid or tid

Causes reabsorption of water
Drug of choice used for bed wetting in children.

Front 4

Estrogen
Positive effects on the body

Back 4

Positive effect on bone mass
keeps cholesterol in check

promotes coagulation factors

Front 5

Estrogen
Adverse effects on the body

in premenopausal women, what is the principle source of estrogen?

Back 5

-Endometrial hyperplasia will occur if u give estrogen to a women who has intact uterus but is not taken progesterone. A women who is taking estrogen needs to have progesterone to be given along with it because it helps keep the endometrium from overgrowing. and carcinoma
-Breast cancer
-Ovarian cancer
-Can decrease milk production
-cardiovascular events (PE, stroke, venous thromboembolism)

____________________________________________

ovary

Front 6

Estrogen

Therapetuic Uses


If the women has a surgical removal of ovaries and uterus we just give

Back 6

-Hormone therapy after menopause (natural menopause and from surgical removal of ovaries. If you are taking out the ovaries there is no reason to leave the uterus in, it’s useless.

-Female hypogonadism
-Acne

estrogen

Front 7

Potential risks associated with taking Estrogen


–unfortunately, the older the women is taking a birth control,

Back 7

-runs risk of DVT and pulmonary emboli

CV: hypotension, edema (leads to weight gain= fat ankles)
CNS: dizziness, headache, migraines, depression
GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, pancreatitis, cramps, constipation, increased appetite, increased weight gain from edema, cholestatic jaundice


the greater the potential for gall bladder disease to occur)

Front 8

Progesterone (natural)
-where is progesterone produced by?

Therapeutic uses (5)

Back 8

ovaries and the placenta

-postmenapausal hormony therapy for women with a uterus
-dysfunctional uterine bleeding, restores normal balance
-amenorrhea-We basically chemically force your body to have a period. A women should not go without a period for 3 months. We give high doses of progesterone for 4-5 days and then we stop it. It’s a shock to the body and the endometrium and you bleed.
-endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia (over growth of endometrium)
-infertility in pre-mature prevention (prevents abortions and miscarriages)

Front 9

Progesterone

Name of long acting progestin used for birth control

Back 9

Depoprovera: Medroxyprogesterone


-Inhibits/blocks estrogen:
-Suppresses ovulation
-Causes cervical mucus thickening (prevents sperm from entering)
-Endometrium is altered (prevents an egg from implanting)

Front 10

Birth control pills

-uses:

Back 10

-inhibits ovulation
-decreases risk of ectopic pregnancy
-decreases blood loss during menstration

Front 11

Birth control pills

Precautions for their use

Back 11

-Greater than age 35 – increase risk for cancer
-greater than 35 y/o + Smoker --your risk for coronary disease triples
--High risk of Breast CA -----if your mom and your aunt had cancer you’re a set up for breast cancer.
-Taking any form of BC increases the acceleration of Breast cancer.
-Antibiotics can decrease the effectiveness of the BCP and people can become pregnant – need alternative BC method


if a women ever had a clot
if they are overweight

Front 12

Birth control pills

Education related to missing pill(s)

Back 12

One dose: Take as soon as possible or with the next dose.

Two doses: Take 2 pills a day x 2 days there is a 50/50 chance pregnancy will occur.

Three doses: Stop pill pack and let menses come down. Start new pill pack on Following Sunday. Use protection x2 weeks because you will ovulate. Why Sunday? Sex occurs on the weekends

Front 13

Hormone Replacement therapy

What type of patients would be treated

Back 13

post menopausal women who have sever symptoms

hystarectomy

Front 14

Hormone Replacement therapy

- Hormone that would be given to a pt who has had a hysterectomy, ovaries intact but is menopausal

Back 14

estrogen

Front 15

Hormone Replacement therapy

Hormone(s) that would be given to a pt with all of her pelvic organs intact but is menopausal

Back 15

estrogen and progestin. the pregestin is used to counterbalance estrogen mediated stimulation on the endometrium which can lead to endometrial hyperplasia and cancer

Front 16

Hormone Replacement therapy

what are the benefits:

Back 16

-Relief of vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, palpations)
-Management of urogenital atrophy labia minor and labia majora become weak and when u start having estrogen depletion that canlead to yeast infections)
-Tooth retention – your tooth is embedded in your bones in your mouth. Osteoporosis can occur here too. The bones weaken, you eat an apple, fracture bone, and you lose your tooth
-Glycemic control

-Prevention of osteoporosis and related fractures
-Prevention of colorectal cancer protection
-Positive effect on wound healing

Front 17

Hormone Replacement therapy

what are the risks:

Back 17

Cardiovascular events
-Myocardial infarction
Stroke
-Pulmonary embolism
-Deep venous thrombosis
-Endometrial cancer
-Breast cancer
-Ovarian cancer
-Gall bladder disease
-Dementia
-Urinary incontinence