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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A side effect is formally defined as _______________________________.
a nearly unavoidable secondary drug effect produced at therapeutic doses.
____________________ is an adverse drug reaction caused by excessive
dosing.
Toxicity
Most serious reactions are caused by one drug ________________, whereas
other drugs are noted for causing allergic reactions including the
__________________.
penicillin / nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, aspirin) and the sulfonamide group of compounds, which includes certain diuretics, antibiotics, and oral hypoglycemic agents.
An uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition is call an __________
idiosyncratic effect
A disease caused by a drug is called a(n)______________________.
iatrogenic disease
A state in which the body has adapted to prolonged drug exposure in such a
way that an abstinence syndrome will result if drug use is discontinued is
_____________________.
physical dependence
Drug-induced birth defects are referred to as ______________________.
teratogenic effect
The patient’s last line of defense against medication made by others is
the___________________________.
nurse
Dosage adjustments based on ________________ provide a more precise
means of controlling drug responses than do adjustments based on weight
alone.
body surface area
Drug sensitivity varies with age. In ______________, heightened drug
sensitivity is the result of ___________________. In the _________,
heightened sensitivity results largely from _____________________.
very young / organ immaturity / elderly / organ degeneration
Why do we know much about gender-related differences and drug therapy?
_________________________
Because all testing in the past has been done on men.
Perhaps the most important example of an altered drug effect occurring in
response to electrolyte imbalance involves digoxin and __________________.
potassium
Decreased responsiveness to a drug as a result of repeated drug administration
is called ___________________.
tolerance
The type of tolerance associated with long-term administration of drugs such as
morphine and heroin is _______________________.
pharmacodynamic tolerance
A form of tolerance that can be defined as a reduction in drug responsiveness
brought on by repeated dosing over a short time is called _______________.
tackyphylaxis