Pharm Resp

Front 1

Omalizumab mechanism of action?

Back 1

Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody.

Front 2

Omalizumab uses?

Back 2

Severe asthma.

Front 3

Diphenhydramine mechanism of action?

Back 3

First generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 4

Diphenhydramine uses?

Back 4

Allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid, nausea/vomiting. Acute extrapyramidal symptoms of antipsychotics, Parkinson's disease.

Front 5

Diphenhydramine side effects?

Back 5

Sedation, antimuscarinic effects (increase AV node conduction, drowsiness, constipation, dilated pupils, bronchodilation), anti-alpha-adrenergic effects (hypotension).

Front 6

Meclizine mechanism of action?

Back 6

First generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 7

Meclizine uses?

Back 7

Motion sickness.

Front 8

Meclizine side effects?

Back 8

Sedation, antimuscarinic effects (increase AV node conduction, drowsiness, constipation, dilated pupils, bronchodilation), anti-alpha-adrenergic effects (hypotension).

Front 9

Promethazine mechanism of action?

Back 9

First generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 10

Promethazine uses?

Back 10

Allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid, nausea/vomiting.

Front 11

Promethazine side effects?

Back 11

Sedation, antimuscarinic effects (increase AV node conduction, drowsiness, constipation, dilated pupils, bronchodilation), anti-alpha-adrenergic effects (hypotension).

Front 12

Dimenhydrinate mechanism of action?

Back 12

First generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 13

Dimenhydrinate uses?

Back 13

Allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid, nausea/vomiting.

Front 14

Dimenhydrinate side effects?

Back 14

Sedation, antimuscarinic effects (increase AV node conduction, drowsiness, constipation, dilated pupils, bronchodilation), anti-alpha-adrenergic effects (hypotension).

Front 15

Chlorpheniramine mechanism of action?

Back 15

First generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 16

Chlorpheniramine uses?

Back 16

Allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid, nausea/vomiting.

Front 17

Chlorpheniramine side effects?

Back 17

Sedation, antimuscarinic effects (increase AV node conduction, drowsiness, constipation, dilated pupils, bronchodilation), anti-alpha-adrenergic effects (hypotension).

Front 18

Loratidine mechanism of action?

Back 18

Second generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 19

Loratidine uses?

Back 19

Allergies.

Front 20

Loratidine side effects?

Back 20

Far less sedating than first generation H1 antagonists because of decreased CNS penetration. Do not cross BBB and don't have anti-muscarinic effects.

Front 21

Fexofenadine mechanism of action?

Back 21

Second generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 22

Fexofenadine uses?

Back 22

Allergies.

Front 23

Fexofenadine side effects?

Back 23

Far less sedating than first generation H1 antagonists because of decreased CNS penetration. Do not cross BBB and don't have anti-muscarinic effects.

Front 24

Deslortadine mechanism of action?

Back 24

Second generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 25

Deslortadine uses?

Back 25

Allergies.

Front 26

Deslortadine side effects?

Back 26

Far less sedating than first generation H1 antagonists because of decreased CNS penetration. Do not cross BBB and don't have anti-muscarinic effects.

Front 27

Cetirizine mechanism of action?

Back 27

Second generation H1 antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Front 28

Cetirizine uses?

Back 28

Allergies.

Front 29

Cetirizine side effects?

Back 29

Far less sedating than first generation H1 antagonists because of decreased CNS penetration. Do not cross BBB and don't have anti-muscarinic effects.

Front 30

Isoproterenol mechanism of action?

Back 30

Nonspecific beta adrenergic agonist.

Front 31

Isoproterenol uses?

Back 31

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (beta 2).

Front 32

Isoproterenol side effects?

Back 32

Tachycardia (beta 1).

Front 33

Albuterol mechanism of action?

Back 33

Beta 2 adrenergic agonist.

Front 34

Albuterol uses?

Back 34

Acute asthma.

Front 35

Salmeterol mechanism of action?

Back 35

Beta 2 adrenergic agonist.

Front 36

Salmeterol uses?

Back 36

Long-acting agent for asthma prophylaxis.

Front 37

Salmeterol side effects?

Back 37

Tremor, arrhythmia.

Front 38

Aminophylline mechanism of action?

Back 38

Inhibits phosphodiesterase thus increasing cAMP. Adenosine antagonist.

Front 39

Aminophylline uses?

Back 39

IV form used for termination of status asthmaticus (due to beta desensitization).

Front 40

Aminophylline side effects?

Back 40

Narrow therapeutic index (metabolized by liver). Cardiotoxic (tachycardia, arrhythmias) and neurotoxic.

Front 41

Theophylline mechanism of action?

Back 41

Inhibits phosphodiesterase thus increasing cAMP. Adenosine antagonist.

Front 42

Theophylline uses?

Back 42

Bronchodilator; used for asthma and COPD.

Front 43

Theophylline side effects?

Back 43

Narrow therapeutic index (metabolized by liver). Cardiotoxic (tachycardia, arrhythmias) and neurotoxic.

Front 44

Ipratropium mechanism of action?

Back 44

Competitive muscarinic antagonist.

Front 45

Ipratropium uses?

Back 45

Prevents bronchoconstriciton; used for asthma and COPD. DRUG OF CHOICE IF YOU ARE ON BETA BLOCKERS.**

Front 46

Cromolyn, nedocromil mechanism of action?

Back 46

Prevents release of mediators from mast cells (decrease histamine release).

Front 47

Cromolyn, nedocromil uses?

Back 47

Prophylaxis against asthma. Not effective for an acute asthmatic attack. Generally used for seasonal allergies, Hay fever because they are OTC.

Front 48

Cromolyn, nedocromil side effects?

Back 48

Toxicity is rare; throat irritation and cough (triggers asthma attack relieved in beta 2 agonist).

Front 49

Beclomethasone mechanism of action?

Back 49

Inhibit synthesis of all cytokines. Inactivates NF-kappa B, the transcription factor that induces production of TNF-alpha.

Front 50

Beclomethasone uses?

Back 50

First line for chronic asthma.

Front 51

Prednisone mechanism of action?

Back 51

Inhibit synthesis of all cytokines. Inactivates NF-kappa B, the transcription factor that induces production of TNF-alpha.

Front 52

Prednisone uses?

Back 52

First line for chronic asthma.

Front 53

Zileuton mechanism of action?

Back 53

5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor. Blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes.

Front 54

Zileuton uses?

Back 54

Asthma, COPD.

Front 55

Zileuton side effects?

Back 55

Monitor liver function.

Front 56

Zafirlukast, montelukast mechanism of action?

Back 56

Leukotriene antagonist.

Front 57

Zafirlukast, montelukast uses?

Back 57

Especially good for aspirin-induced asthma.

Front 58

Zafirlukast, montelukast side effects?

Back 58

Immunosuppression via decreased neutrophil chemotaxis (LTB4). Associated with Churg-Strauss syndrome.

Front 59

Guaifenesin mechanism of action?

Back 59

Expectorant.

Front 60

Guaifenesin uses?

Back 60

Removes excess suptum. Does not supress cough reflex.

Front 61

Guaifenesin side effects?

Back 61

0

Front 62

N-acetylcysteine mechanism of action?

Back 62

Mucolytic.

Front 63

N-acetylcysteine uses?

Back 63

Loosens mucous plugs in cystic fibrosis patients. Also used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose.

Front 64

N-acetylcysteine side effects?

Back 64

0

Front 65

Bosentan mechanism of action?

Back 65

Competitively antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance.

Front 66

Bosentan uses?

Back 66

Pulmonary hypertension (drug of choice).

Front 67

Bosentan side effects?

Back 67

0

Front 68

Dextromethorphan mechanism of action?

Back 68

Antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptors; codeine analog.

Front 69

Dextromethorphan uses?

Back 69

Antitussive.

Front 70

Dextromethorphan side effects?

Back 70

Treat overdose with naloxone.

Front 71

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine mechanism of action?

Back 71

Alpha adrenergic antagonist.

Front 72

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine uses?

Back 72

Nonprescription nasal decongestants. Reduces hyperemia, edema, nasal congestion; opens obstructed Eustachian tubes.

Front 73

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine side effects?

Back 73

Hypertension. Can also cause CNS stimulation/anxiety.

Front 74

Metacholine mechanism of action?

Back 74

Muscarinic receptor agonist.

Front 75

Metacholine uses?

Back 75

Used in asthma challenge testing (diagnosis).

Front 76

Epoprostenol mechanism of action?

Back 76

Prostacyclin analog (PGI2).

Front 77

Epoprostenol uses?

Back 77

Pulmonary hypertension.

Front 78

Sildenafil mechanism of action?

Back 78

Inhibits phosphodiesterase type V; increases cGMP. Dilates pulmonary arteries.

Front 79

Sildenafil uses?

Back 79

Pulmonary hypertension.