Pharm Repro

Front 1

Leuprolide, naferelin mechanism of action?

Back 1

GnRH analog with agonist properties when used in pulsatile fashion; antagonist when used in continuous fashion (downregulates GnRH receptors, thus decreasing FSH/LH).

Front 2

Leuprolide, naferelin uses?

Back 2

Infertility (pulsatile), prostate cancer (continuous, with flutamide), uterine fibroids, endometriosis.

Front 3

Leuprolide, naferelin side effects?

Back 3

Antiandrogen effects (gynectomastia, male infertility, decreased libido), nausea, vomiting.

Front 4

Testosterone (methyltestosterone) mechanism of action?

Back 4

Agonist at androgen receptors.

Front 5

Testosterone (methyltestosterone) uses?

Back 5

Treats hypgonadism and promotes development of secondary sex characteristics; stimulation of anabolism to promote burn or injury recovery.

Front 6

Testosterone (methyltestosterone) side effects?

Back 6

Masculinization in females; reduces intratesticular testosterone levels in males by inhibiting release of LH, leading to gonadal atrophy. Premature closure of epiphyseal plates. Increases LDL, decreases HDL.

Front 7

Finasteride mechanism of action?

Back 7

5-alpha-reductase inhibitor; decrases conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

Front 8

Finasteride uses?

Back 8

BPH and promotes hair growth.

Front 9

Finasteride side effects?

Back 9

0

Front 10

Flutamide mechanism of action?

Back 10

Nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at the testosterone receptor.

Front 11

Flutamide uses?

Back 11

Prostate cancer.

Front 12

Flutamide side effects?

Back 12

0

Front 13

Ketoconazole mechanism of action?

Back 13

Inhibits steroid synthesis (inhibits desmolase).

Front 14

Ketoconazole uses?

Back 14

Used in treatment of polycystic ovarian sndrome to prevent hirsutism.

Front 15

Ketoconazole side effects?

Back 15

Gynectomastia, amenorrhea.

Front 16

Spironolactone mechanism of action?

Back 16

Inhibits steroid binding.

Front 17

Spironolactone uses?

Back 17

Used in treatment of polycystic ovarian sndrome to prevent hirsutism.

Front 18

Spironolactone side effects?

Back 18

Gynectomastia, amenorrhea.

Front 19

Ethinyl estradiol, DES, mestranol mechanism of action?

Back 19

Estrogen receptor agonist.

Front 20

Ethinyl estradiol, DES, mestranol uses?

Back 20

Hypogonadism or ovarian failure, menstrual abnormalities, HRT in postmenopausal women; androgen-dependent prostate cancer.

Front 21

Ethinyl estradiol, DES, mestranol side effects?

Back 21

Increased risk of endometrial cancer; bleeding in postmenopausal women. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina in females exposed to DES in uteru. Increased risk of thrombi. Contraindicate with ER-positive breast cancer, hx of DVTs.

Front 22

Clomiphene mechanism of action?

Back 22

Partial agonist at estrogen receptors in hypothalamus. Prevents normal feedback inhibition and increases release of LH and FSH, which stimulates ovulation.

Front 23

Clomiphene uses?

Back 23

Infertility and polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Front 24

Clomiphene side effects?

Back 24

Hot flashes, ovarian enlargement, multiple simultaneous pregnancies, and visual disturbances.

Front 25

Tamoxifen mechanism of action?

Back 25

Estrogen antagonist.

Front 26

Tamoxifen uses?

Back 26

ER-positive breast cancer.

Front 27

Raloxifene mechanism of action?

Back 27

Estrogen antagonist with breast cancer; estrogen agonist on bone.

Front 28

Raloxifene uses?

Back 28

ER-positive breast cancer. Reduces resorption of bone in osteoporosis.

Front 29

Hormone replacement therapy uses?

Back 29

Prevents menopausal symptoms (hot falshes, vaginal atrophy) and osteoporosis.

Front 30

Hormone replacement therapy side effects?

Back 30

Increases risk of endometrial cancer; progesterone decreases risk but increases CV disease.

Front 31

Anastozole mechanism of action?

Back 31

Aromatase inhibitor.

Front 32

Anastozole uses?

Back 32

Postmenopausal women with breast cancer.

Front 33

Exemestane mechanism of action?

Back 33

Aromatase inhibitor.

Front 34

Exemestane uses?

Back 34

Postmenopausal women with breast cancer.

Front 35

Progestins (medroxyprosgesterone, norethindrone, desogestrel) mechanism of action?

Back 35

Progesterone agonist; reduces growth and increases vascularization of endometrium.

Front 36

Progestins (medroxyprosgesterone, norethindrone, desogestrel) uses?

Back 36

Oral contraceptives and in the treatment of endometrial cancer and abnormal uterine bleeding.

Front 37

Progestins (medroxyprosgesterone, norethindrone, desogestrel) side effects?

Back 37

Lowers HDL, raises LDL; glucose intolerance; androgenic (hirsutism), antiestrogenic

Front 38

Mifepristone mechanism of action?

Back 38

Competitive progesterone antagonist.

Front 39

Mifepristone uses?

Back 39

Termination of pregnancy; administered with misoprostol (PGE1)

Front 40

Mifepristone side effects?

Back 40

Heavy bleeding, GI effects (nausea, vomiting, anorexia), abdominal pain.

Front 41

Oral contraceptives mechanism of action?

Back 41

Synthetic progestins, estrogen. Inhibit LH/FSH thus prevent estrogen surge. No estrogen surge means no Lh surge thus no ovulation.

Front 42

Oral contraceptives uses?

Back 42

Thickens cervical mucous thereby limiting sperm access to uterus; inhibit endometrial proliferation thus making impantation less likely.

Front 43

Oral contraceptives side effects?

Back 43

Contraindicate in smokers > 35 years of age (CV risk), patients with hx of DVTs, stroke or estrogen-dependent breast cancer.

Front 44

Ritodrine, terbutaline mechanism of action?

Back 44

Beta-2 adrenergic agonists.

Front 45

Ritodrine, terbutaline uses?

Back 45

Relax the uterus; reduce premature uterine contractions.

Front 46

Ritodrine, terbutaline side effects?

Back 46

0

Front 47

Tamsulosin mechanism of action?

Back 47

Alpha-1 receptor antagonist. Selective for alpha1(A,D) receptors found on prostate. Little efect on vascular alpha1(B) receptors.

Front 48

Tamsulosin uses?

Back 48

Treats BPH by inhibiting smooth muscle contraction.

Front 49

Sildenafil, vardenafil mechanism of action?

Back 49

Inhibits cGMP phosphodiesterase, cuasing increased cGMP, smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum, thus increasing blood flow.

Front 50

Sildenafil, vardenafil uses?

Back 50

Erectile dysfunction.

Front 51

Sildenafil, vardenafil side effects?

Back 51

Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, impaired blue-green color vision. Risk of life-threatening hypotension in patients taking nitrates.

Front 52

Danazol mechanism of action?

Back 52

Partial androgen agonist.

Front 53

Danazol uses?

Back 53

Endometriosis and hereditary angioedema.

Front 54

Danazol side effects?

Back 54

Weight gain, edema, acne, hirsutism, masculinization, decreased HDL levels.

Front 55

Carboprost mechanism of action?

Back 55

PGF-2 alpha agonist

Front 56

Carboprost uses?

Back 56

Abortifacent

Front 57

Dinoprostone mechanism of action?

Back 57

PGE2 agonist

Front 58

Dinoprostone uses?

Back 58

Abortifacent, cervical ripening