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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mannitol (mech)
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Mech: osmotic diuretic
Incr. tubular fluid osmolarity, producing increased urine flow. |
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Mannitol (Clinical use)
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Use; Shock
drug overdose decr. intracranial/intraocular pressure. |
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Mannitol (tox)
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Tox: Pulmonary edema
dehydration |
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Mannitol (contraind)
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Contra: in anuria, and CHF
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Acetazolamide (mech, use, tox)
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Mech: Carbonic anhydrase (-). causes self-limited NaHCO3 diuresis and reduction in total-body HCO3- stores.
Use: Glaucoma, urinary alkinization, met.alkalosis, altitude sickness. Tox: Hypercholremic met. acidosis, neuropathy, NH3 tox, sulfa allergy. |
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Mannitol (mech, use, tox, contra)
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Mech: osmotic diuretic: incr. tubular fluid osmolarity, producing incr. urine flow.
Use: shock, drug overdose, decr. intracranial/intraocular pressure. Tox; pul edema, dehydration. Contra: anuria, CHF |
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Furosemide (mech, use, tox)
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Mech: sulfonamide loop diuretic: (-) cotransport system (Na,K,2Cl) of TALH. Abolishes hypertonicity of medulla, preventing conc. of urine.
Use: edematous states (CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syn. pul edema) HTN, Hypercalcemia. Tox: Ototox, Hypokalemia, dehydration, allergy (sulfa), Nephritis (intestitial), Gout (OH DANG) |
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Ethacrynic acid (mech, use, tox)
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Mech: Phenoxyacetic acid deriv. (NOT a sulfonamide). Essentially same action as furosemide ( (-) cotransport in TALH)
Use: Diuresis in pt allergic to sulfa Rx Tox: similar to furosemide, can be used in hyperuricemia, acute gout (never used to tx gout) |
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Hydrochlorothiazide (mech, use, tox)
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Mech: Thiazide diuretic: (-) NaCl reabsorption in early distal tubule, reducing diluting cap. of nephron. Decr. Ca2+ excretion.
Use: HTN, CHF, idiopath hypercalciuria, nephrogenic DI Tox: Hypokalemic met. alkalosis, hyponatremia, Hyper: glycemia, lipidemia, uricemia, calcemia. sulfa allergy. (HyperGLUC) |
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Spironolactone, (mech, use, tox)
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K+ sparing diuretic
Mech: comp. aldosterone R antag. in cortical collecting tubule. Use: Hyperaldosteronism, K+ depletion, CHF Tox: Hyperkalemia, endocrine effects( Gynecomastia, antiandrogen effects) |
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K+ sparing diuretics: (mech, use, tox) except sprionolactone
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Triameterene, amiloride, eplerenone.
Mech: block Na+ channels in cortical collecting tubule Use: Hyperaldosteronism, K+ depletion, CHF Tox: hyperkalemia, endocrine eff. |
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ACEI (mech, use)
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Captopril, enalapril, lisinopril
Mech: (-) ACE -> decr. Ang II and preventing inact. of bradykinin (potent VD) Use: HTN, CHF, diabetic renal dz. |
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ACE(-) tox
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CAPTOPRIL
Cough Angioedema Protenuria Taste changes hypOTN Preg prob(fetal renal damage) Rash Incr.renin Lower ang II Hyperkalemia Avoid with bilateral renal artery stenosis |
