Ch 11 Antihypertensive Agents + Oneliners

Front 1

Inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Back 1

Ace inhibitors

Front 2

Captopril and enalapril (-OPRIL ending) are

Back 2

Ace inhibitors

Front 3

SE of ACE inhibitors

Back 3

Dry cough, hyperkalemia

Front 4

Ace inhibitors are contraindicated in

Back 4

pregnancy and with K+

Front 5

Losartan and valsartan block

Back 5

Angiotensin receptor

Front 6

Angiotensin receptor blockers do NOT cause

Back 6

Dry cough

Front 7

Block L-type calcium channel

Back 7

Calcium channel blockers

Front 8

CCB contraindicated in CHF

Back 8

Verapamil

Front 9

CCB with predominate effect on arteriole dilation

Back 9

Nifedipine

Front 10

SE of CCB

Back 10

Constipation, edema, and headache

Front 11

Reduce heart rate, contractility, and O2 demand

Back 11

Beta-blockers

Front 12

B-blockers that are more cardioselective

Back 12

Beta C2001-selective blockers

Front 13

Cardioselective Beta 1-blockers

Back 13

Atenolol, acebutolol, and metoprolol

Front 14

Beta-blockers should be used cautiously in

Back 14

Asthma (bronchospastic effects), diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease

Front 15

Non-selective Beta-blocker also used for migraine prophylaxis

Back 15

Propranolol

Front 16

SE of beta blockers

Back 16

Bradycardia, SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, decrease in HDL, and increase in Triglycerols (TG)

Front 17

Alpha 1selective blockers

Back 17

Prazosin, terazosin and doxazosin (-AZOSIN ending)

Front 18

Non-selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma

Back 18

Phenoxybenzamine & Phentolamine

Front 19

For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal

Back 19

Phentolamine

Front 20

A1a-selective blocker with no effects on HTN used for BPH

Back 20

Tamsulosin (Flomax)

Front 21

SE of alpha blockers

Back 21

Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia

Front 22

Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN, and acts centrally

Back 22

Clonidine, and methyldopa

Front 23

SE of methyldopa

Back 23

Positive Comb's test, depression

Front 24

Methyldopa is contraindicated in

Back 24

Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects

Front 25

SE of clonidine

Back 25

Rebound HTN, sedation, dry mouth

Front 26

Direct vasodilator of arteriolar smooth muscle

Back 26

Hydralazine

Front 27

SE of hydralazine

Back 27

Lupus-like syndrome

Front 28

Arterial vasodilator that works by opening K+ channels

Back 28

Minoxidil

Front 29

SE of minoxidil

Back 29

Hypertrichosis

Front 30

IV Drug used Hypertensive Crisis

Back 30

Nitroprusside

Front 31

Nitroprusside vasodilates

Back 31

Arteries and veins

Front 32

Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment

Back 32

Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate

Front 33

Pt is on diuretics and has an arrhythmia; potential worry about administration of digitalis?

Back 33

hypokalemia

Front 34

SE: of diuretics due to competing organic acid secretory systems

Back 34

Gout

Front 35

Drugs that are centrally acting sympathoplegic

Back 35

1. Methyldopa

2. Clondidine

Front 36

MOA of Methyldopa

Back 36

alphamethylnorepinephrine is stored in adrenergic nerve vesicles replacing norepinephrine

- stimulates central alphaadrenoceptors

Front 37

SE due to decreased in norepinephrine associated with central acting sympathoplegic drugs

Back 37

1. inhibition of ejaculation

2. hypotension (orthostatic)

Front 38

DOC for hypertension in pregnancy

Back 38

Methyldopa (high protein binding)

Front 39

SE associated with Methyldopa

Back 39

depression, nightmares, vertigo, extrapyramidal signs, lactation, (+) Coombs test

Front 40

Clonidine MOA

Back 40

stimulation of alpha adrenoceptors in arterioles: reduces sympathetics and increases parasympathetics

Front 41

Concomitant treatment with what drug causes block in clonidines effect?

Back 41

tricyclic antidepressants

Front 42

Guanethidine MOA

Back 42

inhibits release of Nep (SNAPS) from sympathetic nerve endings. Gradual depletion of Nep.

Front 43

Use of Guanethidine is blocked via?

Back 43

1. catechoamine uptake blockers (cocaine, amphetamine, tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines, phenoxybenzamine

2. pheochromocytoma (followed by severe HtN)

Front 44

Reserpines MOA

Back 44

blocks VMAT, effects on adrenergic vesicles are irreversible ( decrease Nep, Dopa, 5HT)

Front 45

Effects of Propranolol

Back 45

1. decreased CO

2. decreased TPR

3. inhibits stimulation renin (Beta 1R)

Front 46

Metoprolol is extensively metabolized by...

Back 46

CYP 2D6

Front 47

What drug is useful in hypertension of pheochromocytoma and hypertensive emergencies?

Back 47

Labetalol (both Beta and alpha blocker)

Front 48

Which Beta blocker causes vasodilation not through alpha channels?

Back 48

Nebivolol: increased endothelial release of NO

Front 49

Vasodilators that work through ATP dependant potassium channels

Back 49

1. Minoxidil

2. Diazoxide

Front 50

Vasodilator that can be used in pregnancy

Back 50

Hydralazine

Front 51

What SE cause Minoxidil to be used always in combo with Beta blocker and loopdiuretic?

Back 51

Reflex sympathetic stim

sodium and fluid retention

Front 52

Vasodilator that also inhibits insulin release from pancreas (can be used for insulinoma)

Back 52

Diazoxide

Front 53

MOA for Fenoldopam

Back 53

agonist of dopamine (D1) receptors

dilation of peripheral arteries

Front 54

SE Fenoldopam

Back 54

increased intraocular pressure

reflex Tach

Front 55

Calcium channel blocker given IV only

Back 55

Clevidipine

Front 56

Calcium channel blockers used as more selective vasodilators

Back 56

Nifedipine

dihydropyridine

Front 57

DOC to manage intraoperative and posoperative hypertension

Back 57

Esmolol