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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Penicillin mech of action
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inhibits transpeptidation
I.E. inhib peptide cross linking via PBP's |
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Natural Penicillins (G, V, Ben, Pro)
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G+, G- Nisseria
DOC: GABS, Syphillis Renal excretion (blocked by probenicid) |
Jarish- Herxheimer Rxn when used against Syphillis (severe febrilae rxn)
allergic rxn (rash) Type II sensitivity |
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Benzathine Penicillin G
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longest acting
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Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins
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Hepatic metabolism
Nafcillin Cloxacillin Oxacillin Dicloxacillin Methicillin |
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Nafcillin
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Naf is for Staph
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Methacillin
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Antibiotic sensitivities only
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interstitial nephritis
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Extended spectrum penicillins
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Amped up penicillin HELPSS kill enterococci
Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Bacampicillin Hib, E. coli, Listeria, Proteus, Shigella, Salmonella |
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Antipseudomonal penicillins
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Takes Care of Pseudomonas & M
P is strongest C is weakest Use in combo c aminoglycosides to dec resistance |
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Aztreonam
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gram negative rods (including Pseudomonas and Serratia)
IV |
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Carbapenems
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anaerobes, gram positive organisms, gram negative rods
combine with aminoglycosides to reduce resistance IV |
Seizures
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activity of first gen cephalosporins
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G+ cocci and PEcK
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activity of 2nd gen cephalosporins
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G+ cocci & HEN PEcKS + Moraxella
S- Serratia |
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activity of 3rd gen cephalosporins
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HEN PEcKSS + Pseudomonas + enterobacteriaceae + Moraxella
Extra S = Salmonella |
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CNS penitrating Cephalosporins
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Taxes Try my Brain
Cefotaxime Ceftriaxone |
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which Cephalosporin is metabolized by the liver
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Cefoperazone
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what dont Cephalosporins work on?
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Cephalosporins are LAME
Listeria Atypicals- Chlamydia, Mycobacteria MRSA Enterococci |
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Cephalosporins effective against N. gonorrhea
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Try to Fix my gonorrhea infection
Ceftriaxone Cefixime |
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SE of Cephalosporins
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Pseudomembranous colitis
Superinfections (Candida, Staph. aureus) disulfiram-like reaction after alcohol Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis Synergistic nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides hepatic dysfunction |
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Cefepime
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4th gen cephalosporin
= 3rd Gen + 100% bioavailability + inc resistance to Beta-lactamases IV |
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Vancomycin
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binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminus, preventing cross linking
also inhibits transglycosylation (chain elongation) Resistance = D-ala D-ala TO D-ala D-lac Tx: MRSA, C. diff, and G+ infections in pts c penicillin allergies IV |
Synergistic effect & toxicity with aminoglycosides
Ototoxic and nephrotoxic “red man” syndrome |
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Fosfomycin
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Inhibits 1st step in peptidoglycan synth
Tx: uncomp UTI's, G+ & G- Oral |
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Bacitracin
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interferes c dephosphorylation step in carrier cycle
topical tx for G+ combo c neomycin & polymixins |
IV = serious nephrotoxicity
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Cycloserine
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competes with D-alanine
Tx: second line drug for TB & UTIs |
adverse CNS effects
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Daptomycin
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rapid depolarization of membrane potential in G+ bacteria
IV |
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Mupirocin
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inhibits bacterial protein and RNA synthesis
Topical tx for: impetigo, nasal MRSA |
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POLYMYXIN B
COLISTIN (Polymixin E) |
polypeptide antibiotics (inc permiabilty of cell membranes)
Very effective against G- bacilli (Pseudomonas and Coliform organisms Tx: UTI's and bacteremias when other antibiotics are ineffective |
Nephrotoxicity
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Colistimethate, Colistin, Polymyxin E
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treatment of sensitive gram-negative infections, specifically Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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