Pharm Ii Gi Drugs

Front 1

Responsible for most of the digestive functions

Back 1

Duodenum or small intestine

Front 2

Occur in the stomach and duodenum

Back 2

Peptic ulcers

Front 3

Manifests with pain 1-2 hours after eating

Back 3

Gastric ulcer

Front 4

Pain 2-4 hours after eating and may wake the patient at night

Back 4

Duodenal ulcer

Front 5

An ulcer that occurs in relation to acute or chronic sources of stress

Back 5

Stress ulcer

Front 6

Most common source of ulcers

Back 6

Helicobacter pylori

Front 7

Gram negative bacteria that colonizes in the gastric mucosa

Back 7

Helicobacter pylori

Front 8

CTZ

Back 8

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

Front 9

VC

Back 9

Vomiting center

Front 10

Drugs that block the final stage of gastric acid production

Back 10

Proton pump inhibitors

Front 11

Used for symptomatic heart burn, ulcers associate with H. pylori

Back 11

Omeprazole

Front 12

Omeprazole

Back 12

PPI
Metabolism is largely in the liver using the chromosome P-450 system.
Effects generally last longer than 24 hours.
Suppresses the last phase of gastric acid production.

Front 13

Omeprazole

Back 13

Dizziness, asthenia have been reported as side effects as well as constipation, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting

Front 14

Omeprazole

Back 14

Doses larger than 80mg should be divided.
Should be taken before meals and should not be crushed or chewed.
Antacids may be taken concurrently.

Front 15

Used to treat ulcers and gastritis using aluminum salts of sulfated sucrose

Back 15

Sucralfate

Front 16

Sucralfate

Back 16

Adheres to the ulcer.
Take sucralfate one hour before meals and 30 minutes before or after antacids

Front 17

Block gastric acid secretions at all phases.
Treatment of active ulcers.

Back 17

H-2 blockers

Front 18

Ranitidine

Back 18

Reversible inhibitory affect on the action of histamine at the receptor sites.
Metabolized in the liver and excreted unchanged in the urine after 24 hours

Front 19

Ranitidine

Back 19

Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity.
Category B drug.
Caution should be taken for any patient with renal or hepatic impairment.

Front 20

Ranitidine

Back 20

Take antacids and Ranitidine at least 2 hours apart so absorption of Ranitidine not impaired.
IV push >2 min. diluted with at least 20 ml NS.
Report symptoms:dark tarry stools, frank blood,coffee ground emesis.

Front 21

Increase the gastric pH thereby neutralizing the gastric acid.

Back 21

Antacids

Front 22

Treat symptoms of heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach.Also effective in treating gastritis an esophagitis.

Back 22

Antacids

Front 23

Antacids

Back 23

Increases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter and the aluminum in the antacids also inhibit gastric emptying.Antacids with aluminum only may cause constipation.Those with only magnesium may cause diarrhea. Thus, a combination of these 2 components balances these effects.

Front 24

Increase the effects of acetylcholine on the gut and increase peristalsis and emptying.

Back 24

Metroclopramine or Reglan

Front 25

GI stimulants

Back 25

Diabetic gastroparesis,short term therapy in GERD who do not respond well to other therapies. Postoperative and chemotherapy nausea.
Unlabeled used include increasing breast milk, treating esophageal varices and migraine headache.

Front 26

Metroclopramine

Back 26

Readily absorbed and widely distributed throughout the body. Highly protein bound, it does cross the placenta, and the blood brain barrier. In patients with renal insufficiency the dose may need to be reduced.

Front 27

Reglan

Back 27

Shown to produce depression and suicidal ideation in patients with no history of depression.

Front 28

Reglan

Back 28

Should be given 40 minutes before meals and IV must be diluted and given slowly

Front 29

Break down food to an absorbable form in patients who have pancreatitis, resection of the pancreas, obstructions and malabsorption

Back 29

Digestive enzymes

Front 30

Contains lipase, protease, and amylase

Back 30

Pancrelipase

Front 31

Side effects of Pancrelipase

Back 31

Nausea, cramping and diarrhea.
Note:should not be given with in 2 hours of antacids.

Front 32

Pancrelipase

Back 32

Enzymes should be given with each meal and with snacks. Patients should be cautioned not to crush or chew.

Front 33

Treat obesity.

Back 33

Lipase inhibitors/reuptake inhibitor

Front 34

Characterized by abnormal movement thru the lower GI tract, either too fast or too slow

Back 34

IBS or irritable bowel syndrome

Front 35

Characterized by inflammation of the small or large intestine.Includes crohns and ulcerative colitis.

Back 35

IBD or irritable bowel disease

Front 36

Inflammation of the large intestine where ulcers form in the mucosa of the colon or rectum, with possible pus, blood and diarrhea occurring.

Back 36

UC or ulcerative colitis

Front 37

inflammation in the deeper layers of the intestine.Can occur anywhere along the intestines. Ulcers can form anywhere along the intestines as well. Diarrhea is the main symptom.Blood often accompanies the diarrhea.

Back 37

Crohn's Disease

Front 38

Decrease the production of gas

Back 38

Antiflatulants

Front 39

Simethicone

Back 39

Not absorbed from the GI tract.
Excreted in feces.
No contraindications or adverse effects.

Front 40

Slow the motility of the intestine

Back 40

Antidiarrheals

Front 41

Lomotil

Back 41

Metabolized in the liver.
Excreted in feces.

Front 42

Lomotil

Back 42

Undesirable effects such as dry mouth and tachycardia.
Drowsiness and dizziness are the most common sided effects.CNS complaints include both euphoria and depression, headache malaise and lethargy.

Front 43

Saline based laxatives

Back 43

Milk of Magnesium (MOM) or Magnesium hydroxide

Front 44

Hyperosmotic laxatives

Back 44

Golytly

Front 45

Stimulant

Back 45

Senna and Cascara

Front 46

Bulk forming laxatives

Back 46

Fibercon and Metamucil

Front 47

Stool softeners

Back 47

Colace

Front 48

Lubricant based

Back 48

Mineral oil

Front 49

Magnesium hydroxide

Back 49

Saline laxatives used for acute and chronic constipation.onset for this medication is 30 minutes to 3 hours with a BM generally occurring within 6 hours. Excretion is via the kidney and GI tract.

Front 50

Magnesium hydroxide

Back 50

Precautions for this medication in renal insufficiency.
Large doses may cause adverse effects including overactive bowel. Use of benzodiazepines, digoxin, and H2 blockers concurrently with magnesium hydroxide may decrease the desired effects of those medications.

Front 51

Nursing interventions for use of laxatives.

Back 51

Patients using laxatives should include plenty of fluid, particularly water, and using laxatives for short term only. Because laxatives can interfere with other medications they should not be taken within 2 hours of any other medication.

Front 52

Only drug approved specifically for IBS with diarrhea predominance in the United States

Back 52

Alosetron

Front 53

Alosetron

Back 53

It is not used in those with constipation. It may be taken without regard to food. The medication is protein bound

Front 54

Medications to treat IBD

Back 54

Class 5-ASA preparations:Mesalamine, sulfasalazine, Osalazine, and Balsalazine.

Front 55

Inflisimab or Remicade

Back 55

drugs that alter the immune response to treat IBD.Produce a monoclonal antibody. Remicade is administer IV. The most common adverse effect is an infusion reaction

Front 56

Suppresses the CTZ and VC, used to treat nausea and vomiting

Back 56

Antiemetics

Front 57

Located near the VC, stimulated by drugs, chemicals, toxin, hormonal changes, some disease states and altered metabolism states

Back 57

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

Front 58

Break down chime into nutrients the body can absorb

Back 58

Digestive enzymes

Front 59

Gram negative, spiral bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa

Back 59

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)

Front 60

All layers of the wall of the stomach are eroded

Back 60

Peptic ulcer