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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mimic Parasympathetic NS |
Cholinergic (parasympathomimetic) |
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Block Parasympathetic NS |
Anticholinergic (Parasympatholytic) |
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Adrenaline |
Adrenergic (Sympathomimetic) |
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Adrenergic blocking agents or antagonists |
Antiadrenergic (Sympatholytic) |
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-Pre-anesthetic to decrease salivary secretions and prevent bradycardia. -Dilates pupils -CPR drug, prevents flat-line -Anticholinergic (Parasympatholytic) -Looks like sympathetic |
Atropine |
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-Treats anaphylaxis, severe asthma -Used in CPR -Increases HR and Cardiac Output -Dilates bronchioles -Dilates blood vessels in skeletal muscle -Increases metabolic rate -Adrenergic (Sympathomimetic) |
Epinephrine (Adrenaline) |
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-Alpha 2 agonist -Sedative -Analgesic -Anti-emetic (anti-vomit) in cats -Reversal : Yohimbine -Adrenergic (Sympathomimetic) |
Xylazine |
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-Alpha 2 agonist -Sedative -Reversal : Atipamezole |
Dexmedetomidine |
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Causes bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia, depressed RR |
Alpha 2 Agonist |
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Reversal agent for Xylazine: |
Yohimbine |
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Reversal agent for Dexemedetomidine: |
Atipamezole |
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-Causes Vasodilation -decreases seizure threshold -Anitadrenergic (Sympatholytic) |
Acepromazine |
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-Causes calming effect -Lowers anxiety |
Tranquilizer |
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-Causes drowsiness |
Sedative |
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-Slow acting can be used to induce anesthesia -anti-convulsant -Do NOT use these in sight hounds due to low body fat and risk of overdose |
Barbiturates |
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-Tranquilizer -Causes heavy sedation -Analgesic -Not appropriate levels for Anesthesia |
Neuroleptanalgesic |
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-Longer lasting opioid -Oral transmucosal in CATS |
Buprenorphine (Buprenex®) |
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Side effects: -Respiratory depression -Bradycardia -Vomiting -Hypothermia -Excitement if given too fast -Cats & Horses sensitive -Can be used as antitussive & antidiarrheal |
Narcotics (Opiates & Opioids) |
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-Treat Underlying Problem of inflammation, pain is reduced as a result. Used for mild/moderate and acute/chronic pain. -Commonly used for osteoarthritis and musculoskeletal pain -inhibit enzyme called cyclooxyhenase or cox (Long name) |
NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs |
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Side Effects: -GI ulceration/bleeding -Nephrotoxicity -Vomiting -Inhibition of cartilage metabolism -Bone marrow suppression -Increased bleeding (short name) |
NSAIDs |
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NEVER give to cats: |
Acetaminophen & Ibuprofen |
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Commonly used for dogs Rare for cats (every 3 days) |
Acetylsalicylic acid (Asprin®) |
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Six examples of NSAIDS: |
Meloxicam, Carprofen, Deracoxib, Tepoxalin, Phenylbutazone, Flunixins |
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Work with drugs to make anesthesia smoother. Usually analgesic to prevent spinal cord wind-up. |
Pre-anesthetic drugs |
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Harder to control pain if this happens: |
Spinal cord wind-up |
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Combination of drugs from different pharmaceutical classes that control pain from many paths. *GOLD STANDARD* |
Multimodal Analgesia |
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NSAIDs, Opioids, Local & regional blockers, alpha 2 agonists |
Analgesic drugs |
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Primary drug in euthanasia agents: |
Pentobarbital |
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Emetic Drugs in Cats & Dogs: |
Xylazine and Apomorphine |
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Produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland: |
Corticosteroid |
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-Classified by length of action. -Decrease inflammation -immunosuppressant -Catabolic (increase protein breakdown) -Elevate blood glucose levels |
Glucocorticoid |
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Used to treat GI problems by reducing spastic colonic contractions. Examples: Atropine, Aminopentamide, Isopropamide, Propantheline, Methscoloamine |
Antidiarrheal (Anticholinergic) drugs |
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An agent that inhibits bacterial growth, impedes replication of bacteria or kills it: |
Antibacterial AND antibiotic |
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An agent with the capability to KILL bacteria: |
Bactericidal |
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An agent that inhibits the growth or reproduction of bacteria |
Bacteriostatic |
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Not as effective against mutant strings, helps minimize drug resistance: |
Antimicrobial |
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Added to Amoxicillin (makes Clavamox) to aid in breaking down bacteria: |
Clavulanate Potassium |
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-Broad spectrum Antibiotic Treats: -Resp. Tract Infections (Kennel Cough) -Bacterial enteritis -UTIs -Rickettial dz (abnormal bone growth) -Causes stained teeth in premature animals
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Tetracycline |
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-Antiparasitic -Treats endo and ecto parasites (heartworms, roundworms, hookworms) -Do NOT give to Collies or Collie mixes -TEST before you Treat |
Ivermectin (Heart Guard®) |
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-Antiparasitic -Treats roundworms, hookworms, ascarids (in puppies, kittens, dogs, & cats) -Very Safe |
Pyrantel Pamoate |
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-Antiparasitic -OTC -Not as effective -monthly -treats ascarids only |
Piperazine |
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-Antiparasitic -Developed as a nerve gas -Rarely used now -acts by binding to acetylcholinesterase |
Organphosphates |
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-Antiparasitic -Treats tapeworms & flukes -One dose needed -Very common |
Praziquantel |
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-Antiprotozoal -Treats Coccidia -Common in small animals clinics -Comes in a Yummy suspension or tablets |
Sulfadimethozine Albon® |
