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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T or F one of the uses for anxiolytic drugs is withdrawal from drugs/alcohol
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TRUTH
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list 6 anxiety disorders
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panic disorder
generalized anxiety disorder social phobia acute stress disorder PTSD OCD |
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go of pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders
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suppress/block target Sx
Tx is guided by target Sx |
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BZD used to treat anxiety how?
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short periods of time
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Serotonergic, GABAergic and noradrenergic systems as well as neuropeptides like CRF and NPY play an important role in what?
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mechanism of anxiolysis
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memory context where
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hippocampus
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tell me about BZDs
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not used for chronic but rather short term anxiety
dependence can develop w/ chronic use considered SAFE |
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list 4 BZDs used for anxiety
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alprazolam (xanax) - short acting
diazepam (valium) chlordiazepoxide lorazepam (ativan) - long acting...used to help withdrawal from BZDs |
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other therapeutic efx of BZDs
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sedation, muscle relaxation, anti-spastic, anticonvuslant, amnesia during surgery, alcohol withdrawal
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how do BZDs work?
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increase neuronal inhibition via interactions w/ GABAa receptors...get a lot of Cl influx
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T or F BZDs cannot create more inhibition than GABA can by itself but barbiturates can...making BZDs a safer drug
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truth
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which alpha receptors are insensiive to BZDs
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4 and 6
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adverse effects of BZDs
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synergistic w/ alcohol.....memory/cognitive inpairment.....psychomotor impairment
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which BZD has excellent efficay in treating panic attacks
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alprazolam (but there is high dependence risk)
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BZDs useful in social phobias/PTSD?
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nope
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buspirone
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full/partial agonist at 5-HT receptors.....clinical improvement only after days to weeks of therapy.....useful only in chronic anxiety states
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SSRIs are 1st choice drugs in all categories except
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acute stress
(they are 1st choice in panic disorders, GAD, social phobia, PTSD, OCD) |
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list some SSRIs
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paroxetine, sertraline, imipramine
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two methods of treating insomnia
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sedative
hypnotic (promotion of sleep) |
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all sedative drugs have hypnotic properties if the dose is increased
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true
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3 drug options for treating insomnia
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1. selective type 1 BZD receptor agonists (best option)
2. sedating SSRI/SNRIs 3. non-selective BZDs |
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Type 1 BZ receptor agonists used to treat transient insomnia
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zaleplon; zolpidem; eszopliclone
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treat chronic insomnia associated with depression, anxiety or sleep apnea
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SSRIs
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non-selective BZDs when treating insomnia have what kinds of problem
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next day hangover...mem loss; trouble [ ] ing....synergistic w/ alcohol; development of tolerance
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type 1 BZD receptor agonists - ideal hypnotic? why?
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rapid onset....short t 1/2; minimal side efx; additive w/ etoh not synergistic
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