Pharm Exam 3 Part 2

Front 1

T4 analog

Back 1

Levothyroxine

Front 2

T3 analog

Back 2

Liothyronine

Front 3

T3+T4

Back 3

Liotrix

Front 4

DOC for thyroid analogs

Back 4

Levothyroxine

Front 5

Most common cause of increased T4 production?

Back 5

Graves

Front 6

Name 2 thionamides

Back 6

Propylthiouracil
Methimazole

Front 7

Mechanism of methimazole

Back 7

Inhibits thyroid peroxidase

Front 8

Mechanism of propylthiouracil

Back 8

Inhibits thyroid peroxidase

Front 9

Mechanism of thionamides

Back 9

Inhibit thyroid peroxidase

Front 10

SE of thionamides (3)

Back 10

Agranulocytosis
Hepatitis
Sulfur-allergic response

Front 11

SE of methimazole

Back 11

Teratogen
Less other SE than propylthiouracil

Front 12

Which thionamide used in pregnancy?

Back 12

Propylthiouracil

Front 13

Which thionamide is a better drug and has a longer duration?

Back 13

Methimazole

Front 14

What two drugs inhibit iodine transport?

Back 14

Perchlorate
Thiocyanate

Front 15

Mechanism of perchlorate?

Back 15

Resembles iodine- blocks symporter

Front 16

Mechanism of thiocyanate?

Back 16

Resembles iodine - blocks symporter

Front 17

S.E. of perchlorate

Back 17

Aplastic anemia

Front 18

S.E. of iodide

Back 18

Hyperthyroidsm in pts who are iodine deficient

Inhibition in pts w/normal iodine

Front 19

Mechanism of radioactive iodine

Back 19

Enters thyroid gland -> emits B particles-> destroys local thyroid tissue

Front 20

S.E. of radioactive iodine

Back 20

Fetal damage

Front 21

Mechanism of amiodarone

Back 21

inhibits deiodinase (T3 -> T4)

Front 22

Which Thyroid agent is an antiarrhythmic drug?

Back 22

Amiodarone

Front 23

Effect of dopamine on thyroid?

Back 23

Dec TSH

Front 24

Cornerstone of diabetic therapy?

Back 24

Diet

Front 25

Short term effects of diabetes?

Back 25

Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia

Front 26

What does protamine insuline do?

Back 26

Adds a larger molecule to insulin -> slower absorption

Front 27

Larger insulin crystals mean what?

Back 27

Longer it takes to work, but last longer

Front 28

Name the 6 short acting designer insulins

Back 28

1. Regular
2. Cystalline Insulin
3. Lispro
4. Aspart
5. Glulisine
6. Semilent

Front 29

Name the 3 long acting designer insulins

Back 29

1. Ultralente
2. Detemir
3. Glargine

Front 30

Name the 2 intermediate acting designer insulins

Back 30

1. Isophane (NPH) insulin
2. Lente

Front 31

Mechanism of sulphonylureas?

Back 31

Bind to a specific RECEPTOR on B cell
Inhibit K+ channels, inc Ca++ uptake -> inc insulin secretion

Front 32

S.E. of sulphonylureas

Back 32

Increased mortality due to cardio complications
Hypoglycemia -> coma

Front 33

Sulphonylureas can only be used in what type of patients?

Back 33

Pts who have insulin producing capability (type 2)

Front 34

Name 4 first generation sulphonylureas

Back 34

1. Tolbutamide
2. Acetohexamide
3. Tolazamide
4. Chlorpropamide

Front 35

Name 3 second generation sulphonylureas

Back 35

1. Glipizide
2. Glyburide
3. Glimepride

Front 36

Mechanism of glyburide

Back 36

Bind to receptor on B cell -> increase insulin secretion

Front 37

Mechanism of cetohexamide

Back 37

Bind to a receptor on B cell -> inc insulin secretion

Front 38

Name 2 sulphonylurea-like agents

Back 38

1. Repaglinide
2. Nateglinide

Front 39

Short or long duration for sulphonylurea-like agents?

Back 39

Short duration, rapid onset, used w/meals

Front 40

Name 4 incretin enhancers

Back 40

1. exenatide
2. Liraglutide
3. Sitagliptin
4. Saxagliptin

Front 41

Mechanism of exenatide

Back 41

Analog of GLP-1
Stimulates insulin release in response to glucose

Front 42

S.E. of exenatide

Back 42

Pancreatitis

Front 43

Mechanism of liraglutide

Back 43

Analog of exenatide?
Analog of GLP-1
Stimulates insulin release in response to glucose

Front 44

S.E. of liraglutide

Back 44

Thyroid tumors

Front 45

Mechanism of sitagliptin

Back 45

Inhibits DPP4 -> inc lifespan of incretins

Front 46

Mechanism of saxagliptin

Back 46

Inhibits DPP4 -> inc lifespan of incretins

Front 47

Mechanism of metformin

Back 47

Inc glucose absorption by muscle
Dec glucos production by liver

Front 48

S.E. of metformin

Back 48

Lactic acidosis- can be fatal

Front 49

Name 2 types of thiazolidinones

Back 49

1. Rosiglitazone
2. Pioglitazone

Front 50

Mechanism of Thiazolidinones (1 main and 3 effects of the main one)

Back 50

Bind to PPAR (RECEPTOR)
Inc effect o finsulin on cells
Inc # of insulin receptors
Inc glucose reuptake

Front 51

S.E. of rosiglitazone (3)

Back 51

Weight gain
Macular edema
CHF

Front 52

Name 2 a-glucosidase inhibitors

Back 52

1. Acarbose
2. Miglitol

Front 53

Mechanism of Acarbose

Back 53

Inhibit enzymes that metabolize complex carbs in gut -> dec glucose conc in blood

Front 54

S.E. of miglitol (2)

Back 54

Cramps
Diarrhea

Front 55

Mechanism of pramlintide

Back 55

Slows gastric emptying
Dec apetite

Front 56

S.E. of pramlintide

Back 56

Severe hypoglycemia