Pharm Exam 1 Estrogen & Androgens

Front 1

Gonadal hormones are used therapeutically for ___

Back 1

MORC-
management of menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, replacement therapy, contraception

Front 2

Antagonists are effective in ___

Back 2

chemotherapy

Front 3

What is the most potent estrogen, which is secreted by the ovary?

Back 3

estradiol

Front 4

What type of estrogen is 1/10 the potency of estradiol, and formed in the liver and adrenals?

Back 4

estrone / estriol

Front 5

Gonadal hormones are used therapeutically for ___

Back 5

MORC-
management of menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, replacement therapy, contraception

Front 6

Antagonists are effective in ___

Back 6

chemotherapy

Front 7

What is the most potent estrogen, which is secreted by the ovary?

Back 7

estradiol

Front 8

What type of estrogen is 1/10 the potency of estradiol, and formed in the liver and adrenals?

Back 8

estrone / estriol

Front 9

What type of estrogen is synthetic?

Back 9

ethinyl estradiol

Front 10

Which estrogen has less first pass metabolism (it's effective when taken orally, at lower doses)?

Back 10

ethinyl estradiol

Front 11

MOA estrogen has 2 receptor subtypes-- what are they?

Back 11

classic estrogen receptor -a (alpha)
and repressor domain -b (beta)

Front 12

Estrogens are used in HRT for post-menopausal women. Risks outweigh benefits if prescribed:

Back 12

lowest effective dose for the
shortest possible time

Front 13

estrogen HRT is used to relieve which symptoms of menopause?

Back 13

vaginal atrophy and vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes)

Front 14

For women who have NOT undergone a hysterectomy, which hormone is included in combination therapy?

Back 14

progestin

Front 15

Which hormone, when used in combination therapy, reduces a woman's risk of endometrial cancer?

Back 15

progestin

Front 16

What is the recommended HRT for women who have had their uterus removed?

Back 16

unopposed estrogen

Front 17

Which has substantially more estrogen, HRT or oral contraception?

Back 17

oral contraception

Front 18

Treatment of osteoporosis includes:

Back 18

estrogen
alendronate

Front 19

Treatment of primary hypogonadism

Back 19

estrogen therapy + progestins
(to develop secondary sex characteristics)

Front 20

2 synthetic estrogen analogs

Back 20

ethinyl estradiol
mestranol

Front 21

By administering estrogen transdermal, IV, or injection, we

Back 21

reduce 1st pass metabolism

Front 22

adverse effects of estrogen therapy include:

Back 22

thromboembolic problems, MI, and breast & endometrial cancer

Front 23

Most common adverse effect of estrogen therapy:

Back 23

nausea/vomiting

Front 24

What do we call compounds that interact at estrogen receptors but have different effects on tissues?

Back 24

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)

Front 25

a SERM antagonist in BREAST ca which competes with the natural hormone for binding to estrogen receptors

Back 25

Tamoxifen
(effective tx for some breast tumors)

Front 26

adverse effects of Tamoxifen

Back 26

hot flashes, n/v,
*endometrial hyperplasias and malignancies*

Front 27

Second generation SERM which decreases bone resorption --> increases bone density

Back 27

Raloxifene

Front 28

SERM approved for preventative tx of osteoporosis, and has no effect on endometrium

Back 28

Raloxifene

Front 29

SERM reduces incidence of breast cancer in post-menopausal women

Back 29

Raloxifene

Front 30

adverse effects of Raloxifene

Back 30

increased risk of DVT, PE, and retinal-vein thrombosis

Front 31

SERM used to increase secretion of Gn-RH --> stimulate ovulation

Back 31

Clomiphene

Front 32

Clomiphene is prescribed to treat

Back 32

infertility

Front 33

Which hormone promotes development of the secretory endometrium to accomodate implantation of an embryo?

Back 33

Progesterone

Front 34

High levels of this hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle inhibit gonadotropin and further ovulation.

Back 34

Progesterone

Front 35

Therapeutic uses of this hormone include controlling dysfunctional uterine bleeding and contraception (when used w/ estrogen).

Back 35

Progesterone

Front 36

Medroxyprogesterone acetate,
Hydroxyprogesterone acetate,
Norethindrone, and
Norgestrel are all examples of ___.

Back 36

synthetic progesterones
(more stable to 1st pass metabolism.)

Front 37

Norethindrone and Norgestrel are similar to adrogens, so we call them ___.

Back 37

nortestosterone progestins

Front 38

Edema, depression, increased LDL, hirsutism, and weight gain are adverse effects of ___.

Back 38

progesterones

Front 39

This anti-progestin (or progestin antagonist) causes an abortion if administered early in pregnancy.

Back 39

Mifepristone (RU486)

Front 40

The most common intervention for preventing pregnancy

Back 40

interference with ovulation

Front 41

Combo of ___ + ___ over 3 wk period inhibits ovulation.

Back 41

estrogen + progesterone

Front 42

estrogen provides negative feedback on release of LH and FSH by which gland?

Back 42

pituitary

Front 43

Which hormone promotes development of secretory endometrium, to accomodate implantation of an embryo?

Back 43

Progesterone

Front 44

High levels of this hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle inhibit gonadotropin and further ovulation?

Back 44

Progesterone

Front 45

Therapeutic uses of this hormone include
rectifying hormonal deficiency,
controlling dysfunctional uterine bleeding,
and contraception (when used in combo with estrogen).

Back 45

Progesterone

Front 46

Medroxyprogesterone acetate, Hydroxyprogesterone acetate, Norethindrone, Norgestrel are examples of ___.

Back 46

synthetic progesterones

Front 47

Norethindrone and Norgestrel are called ___ because they are similar to androgens.

Back 47

nortestosterone progestins

Front 48

Edema, depression, increased LDL, weight gain, and hirsutism are adverse effects of

Back 48

Progesterone

Front 49

This antiprogesterone (aka progestin-antagonist) is administered early in pregnancy to induce abortion.

Back 49

Mifepristone (RU486)

Front 50

Most common intervention for preventing pregnancy

Back 50

interference with ovulation

Front 51

Combination of ___ + ___ over 3 week period inhibits ovulation.

Back 51

estrogen + progesterone

Front 52

Estrogen provides negative feedback on release of LH and FSH by which gland?

Back 52

pituitary

Front 53

Which hormone stimulates normal bleeding at the end of the menstrual cycle and thickens cervical mucus?

Back 53

progestin

Front 54

Cardiovascular complaints (including thromboembolism, htn, MI) are the most serious side effects of which group of drugs?

Back 54

oral and implantable contraceptives

Front 55

The patient with elevated serum cholesterol should NOT use ___, but would benefit from ___ contraceptives.

Back 55

should NOT use progestins, benefit from estrogen-dominant

Front 56

contradincations to oral birth control.

Back 56

CV, thromboembolic disease, and estrogen-dependant neoplasms

Front 57

Most common type of oral contraception contains

Back 57

combo estrogen + progestin

Front 58

Concurrant low but increasing progestin dose over 3 7-day periods, followed by 7 day withdrawl to induce menses is ___.

Back 58

triphasic

Front 59

Mestranol contains ____
Norethindrone contains ____

Back 59

estrogen
progestin

Front 60

subdermal progestin implants (Levonorgestrel) in the upper arm last about ___ years.

Back 60

5. These subdermal are reliable and totally reversible.

Front 61

Irregular menstrual bleeding and headaches are common side effects of this type of contraception.

Back 61

subdermal (subQ) implants in the arm

Front 62

Which group of steroids have anabolic or masculizing effects in males and females?

Back 62

androgens

Front 63

Synthetic modifications of the structure of androgens have changed solubility and susceptibility to enzymatic breakdown which
a.) shorten or b.) prolong half-life?

Back 63

prolong half-life

Front 64

Anabolic effects and growth are all therapeutic uses of ___.

Back 64

androgens

Front 65

Hypogonadism due to leydig cell dysfunction, or failure of hypothalamic-pituitary unit is treated with ___.

Back 65

androg

Front 66

Treatment for senile osteoporosis, severe burns, pituitary dwarfism, or skeletal growth in prepubescent boys

Back 66

androgens

Front 67

Acne, facial hair, and a deepened voice are all adverse effects of ___.

Back 67

androgens

Front 68

This hormone can cause virilization of a female fetus in a pregnant mother

Back 68

testosterone

Front 69

This hormone stimulates growth of prostate

Back 69

testosterone

Front 70

DHEA, Nandrolone, and Stanozolol are examples of ___.

Back 70

anaboloic (athletic) steroids

Front 71

___ causes premature closing of the epiphysis of the long bones (stunting growth), reduction of testicular size, and aggression.

Back 71

anabolic steroids

Front 72

___ interfere with synthesis of androgens or block their receptors

Back 72

anti-androgens

Front 73

Finasteride, cyproterone, flutamide, and bicalutamide are examples of ___

Back 73

anti-androgens

Front 74

Treatment of BPH

Back 74

finasteride

Front 75

An anti-androgen which can cause hirsutism in females

Back 75

cyproterone

Front 76

An anti-androgen used in treatment of prostate cancer

Back 76

flutamide
(*Bicalutamide used for prostate cancer METS)