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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This diuretic works by increasing osmolarity which will hinder the water reabsorption in the proximal tubule (major site), the descending loop of Henle and the collecting tubules. Name the class of diuretic, the prototype drug, and a dx for use.
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Osmotic diuretics, mannitol, head trauma
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These drugs inhibit the enzyme CA that converts bicarb into h2o and co2 and back carbonates. This leads to decrease in water, sodium, and bicarb reabsorption in the proximal tubule. Name the class of diuretic, the prototype drug, and a dx for use.
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CA inhibitors (rarely used), acetazolamide, climbing
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S/E of using CA inhibitors
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acidosis, and hypokalemia
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These drugs inhibit the coupled Na/Cl/K transport system in the thick ascending loop of Henle. Net effect is increased excretion of Na, Ca, Mg, and K. Name the class of diuretic, the prototype drug, and a dx for use.
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Loop diuretics, furosemide, edema with hepatic cirrhosis, ascites, acute hypercalcemia (inhibits Ca reabsorption)
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These drugs work by blocking Na reabsorption in the distal tubule. Name the class of diuretic, the prototype drug, and a dx for use.
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Thiazides, chlorothiazide, mild to moderate HTN, edema, nephrolithiasis d/t iodiopathic hypercalciuria
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Inhibit Na/Cl cotransporter in early distal tubule to block the reabsorption of Na, Cl, and H20 causing diuresis and natriuresis. Also causes hypokalemia, and hypercalcemia.
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Thiazide diuretics
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In the collecting ducts, this type of cell is a target for aldosterone and ADH.
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Principle
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In the collecting ducts this type of cell secretes protons.
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Intercalated
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Cells in the collecting duct are impermeable to water if there is no ______ present.
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ADH
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Cells in the collecting duct are impermeable to Na if there is no ____ present.
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Aldosterone
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Prototype K-sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist that inhibits the Na-K exchanger. Leads to acidosis and hyperkalemia. Seldom used alone d/t low potency.
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Spironolactone
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Stimulates H+ secretion by intercalated cells.
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Aldosterone
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Aldosterone may act on CNS to release _______
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vasopressin (ADH)
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Aldosterone acts on the _______ receptors within the principal cells to increase Na pump synthesis and activation of the Na/K exchange. It also increases ______ activity.
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Mineralocorticoid, ENaC
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K-sparing diuretic action only- ENaC
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Amiloride, triamterene
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Inhibits ENaC and decreases K excretion. Seldom used alone d/t low potency. Adverse effects: hyperK, acidosis.
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Triamterene
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