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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Depressants
Ethanol Mech |
GABAa to open Cl channel,
inhibi NMDA glutamate channel |
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Depressants
Ethanol pharmaco |
rapidly absorbed; most metabolized by liver to
acetaldehyde acetate by dehydrogenases ZERO ORDER kinetics (6-8 g/hr) |
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Depressants
Ethanol therapy |
methanol
ethylene glycol |
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Depressants
Ethanol Acute Effects |
resp depression
dec contractility inhib ADH release nausea and vomiting |
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Depressants
Ethanol chronic Effects |
thiamine def leading to:
periph neuropathy dementia Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ALSO, cirrhosis from inc triglyceride syn most common cause of pancreatitis inc HDL, but arrhythmias |
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Depressants
Ethanol FAS |
retarted growth, microencephaly, poorly developed coordination
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Depressants
Ethanol withdrawal |
subsides in 3-7 days
anxiety/iritability/insomnia sympathetic NS inc delirium tremens - agitation, disorientation, hallucination and seizures BAD |
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Depressants
Ethanol withdrawal management |
benzos for seizure
holoperidol for hall clinidine for blockage of symp |
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Depressants
Ethanol disulfiram |
inhib aldehyde deh, so acetaldehyde accumulation
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Depressants
Ethanol naltrexone |
reduce alcohol craving
opoid antag |
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Depressants
Ethanol Acamprostate |
comp inhib on NMDA glu receptor
reduce craving for etoh |
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Depressants
Methanol Metab |
formaldehye and formic acid (toxic)
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Depressants
Methanol Symptoms |
vision loss, seizures
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Depressants
ethylene glycol |
metabolic acidosis leading to renal insufficiency/injury
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Depressants
ethylene glycol antidote |
ethanol
formepizole |
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Depressants
Barbituates Thiopental Features |
ultrashort acting
IV general anesthesia |
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Depressants
Barbituates Pentobarbitol Features |
short acting 6-8 hr
local anesthesia, preanesthetic |
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Depressants
Barbituates Phenobarbitol Features |
long acting >8 hr
seizure disorders withdrawal from sedatives |
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Depressants
Barbituates Mech |
enhance inhib action of GABAa - cl influx
can open channel without GABA (mimetic) |
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Depressants
Barbituates thipental pharmaco |
highly lipid soluble
short duration due to rapid redistribution from CNS |
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Depressants
Barbituates Phenobarbitol pharmaco |
less lipid soluble, rate of excretion and metab more impt
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Depressants
Barbituates Tolerance |
cellular and metabolic tol
high abuse |
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Stimulants
Cocaine Mech |
blocks DA transporters
prevent s DA and NE reuptake |
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Stimulants
Cocaine Amphetamine Pharmaco |
coke rapidly absorbed;
coke shorter duration than amphetamine metab by liver cholinesterase |
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Stimulants
Cocaine indications |
topical anesthesia
vasoconstriction |
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Stimulants
methylphenidate |
Ritalin
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Stimulants
Amphetamine methylphenidate indications |
ADHD
narcolepsy |
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Stimulants
Amphetamine acute actions |
euphoria
dec appetite symp stim sexual arousal |
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Stimulants
Amphetamine adverse effects - during spreeee |
anxiety
insomnia tachycardia psychological dependence sexual dysfxn |
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Stimulants
Amphetamine adverse effects - after spreeee |
anxiety, fatigue, sleep, hunger
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Stimulants
Amphetamine Toxicity |
Cerebral hemorrhage
seizure coronary vasospasm, arrhythmia necrotizing arteritis - renal failure |
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Marajuana
active ingredient |
delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol
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Marajuana
Mech |
g protein linked
CB1 receptor |
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Marajuana
Pharmaco |
rapid ab in lungs, last 2-3 hrs
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Marajuana
Adverse effects |
lung similar to cigarettes
driving accidents impairment of cognition |
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Marajuana
tolerance |
rapidly disappears
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Marajuana
THC analogue |
dronabinol
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Marajuana
Dronabinol Indications 3 |
cancer chemo - nausea and vomiting
AIDS - appetite stim reduce intraocular P in glaucoma |
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Hallucinogens
LSD |
lysteric acid diethylamide
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Hallucinogens
PCP |
phenylcyclidine
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Hallucinogens
Psilocybin |
shroooms
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Hallucinogens
MDMA Mescaline |
ecstasy
peyote |
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Hallucinogens
LSD Mech |
direct action on 5HT2A receptors
potent |
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Hallucinogens
LSD Characteristics |
good trip v bad trip
dilation, inc BP, tachycardia |
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Hallucinogens
LSD Tolerance |
rapid and high tolerance
NO dependance! |
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Hallucinogens
PCP Pharm |
long half life 18hr
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Hallucinogens
PCP Mech |
antag at glutamate NMDA receptors
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Hallucinogens
PCP Behavioral Negative |
inc sense of isolation, inc aggressiveness
seizures resp depression, coma rhabdomyolysis |
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Hallucinogens
PCP Treatment |
resp support
diazepam |
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Hallucinogens
Psilocybin |
direct on 5HT2A
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Hallucinogens
General Mech |
Hall. from augmentation of serotonin
drgu reinforcing prop - eward system |
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Stimulant
Nicotine Mech |
Mimics AcH and N receptors in ganglia, skeletal m. and CNS
inc release of ACh, NE, DA |
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Stimulant
Nicotine Effects |
inc cog fxn, inc ADH, reduces appetite, inc BP and HR
dec MAO in brain (inc DA and NE) inc NO (inhib DA reuptake) |
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Stimulant
Nicotine Pharmaco |
ab in lungs and membranes, rapidly distributed
metab in live by CyP2A6 2 hr half life |
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Stimulant
Nicotine Tolerance |
lots, cellular
very dependant (NO leading to inc DA in nucleus accumbens) |
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Stimulant
Nicotine Withdrawal symptoms |
tremor, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, difficulty concentrating
due to dec DA in nucleus accubens |
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Stimulant
Nicotine Remedies Bupropion |
antidepressant
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Stimulant
Nicotine Remedies Varenicline |
N rec. partial agonist
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