Pharm Drugs I

Front 1

Acetylcholine

Back 1

The primary transmitter in all autonomic ganglia and at the para. postganglionic neuron-effector synapses

Front 2

Bethanechol

Back 2

Cholinomimetic agonist that reacts on muscarinic receptors. For postop and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention and activates bowl and bladder smooth muscle

Front 3

Carbechol

Back 3

Cholinomimetic direct-acting agonist for glaucoma by activating pupillary sphincter and ciliary muscles of eye

Front 4

Pilocarpine

Back 4

Cholinomimetic direct-acting agonist for glaucoma and Sjogren's syndrome by activating pupillary sphinceter and ciliary muscles of eye, stimulates salivation

Front 5

Edrophonium

Back 5

Cholinomimetic indirect-acting agonist for MG, reversal of neuromusclar blockade by amplifing endogenous Ach; inc. strength

Front 6

Neostigmine

Back 6

Cholinomimetic indirect-acting agonist for MG and reversal of neuromuscular blockade by amplifying Ach; inc. strength (related to pyridostigmine and edrophonium

Front 7

Physostigmine

Back 7

Cholinomimetic indirect-acting agonist for glaucoma by amplifying effects of Ach

Front 8

Pyridostigmine

Back 8

Chol. indirect-acting agonist for MG and reversal of neuromuscular blockade by amplifying endogenous Ach; inc. strength

Front 9

Rivastigmine

Back 9

Treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease

Front 10

Atropine

Back 10

Antimuscarinic drug used to produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

Front 11

Ipratropium

Back 11

Antimuscarinic drug that causes bronshodilation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 12

Scopolamine

Back 12

Antimuscarinic drug used to prevent or reduce motion sickness

Front 13

Pralidoxime

Back 13

Cholinesterase regenerator for organophosphate toxicity

Front 14

Amphetamine

Back 14

Sympathomimetic for narcolepsy, obesity, attention deficit disorder

Front 15

Dobutamine

Back 15

Sympathomimetic catecholamine for shock, heart failure

Front 16

Dopamine

Back 16

Sympathomimetic catecholamine for shock, heart failure

Front 17

Ephedrine

Back 17

Sympathomimetic for asthma (obsolete), urinary incontinenece, and to cause vasoconstriction in hypotension

Front 18

Epinephrine

Back 18

Smpathomimetic catecholamine for anaphylaxis, glauscoma, asthma, and to cause vasoconstriction

Front 19

Isoproterenol

Back 19

Sympathomimetic catecholamine for asthma, atrioventricular block (rare)

Front 20

Methylphenidate

Back 20

Amphetamine or mild CNS stimulant used for hyperactive disorder

Front 21

Norepinephrine

Back 21

Sympathomimetic catecholamine to cause vasoconstriction in hypotension

Front 22

Phenylephrine

Back 22

Sympathomimetic to cause mydriasis, vasoconstriction and decongestion

Front 23

Pseudoephedrine

Back 23

Available in over-the-counter decongestants

Front 24

Phenoxybenzamine

Back 24

Prototypical long-acting, irreversible alpha-blocker, only slightly alpha1 selective

Front 25

Phentolomine

Back 25

Competitive, reversible blocking agent alpha-blocking non-selective

Front 26

Prazosin

Back 26

Alpha1 selective blocker used in HTN and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Front 27

Atenolol

Back 27

Beta1 selective blocker with low lipid solubility and less CNS effect for HTN

Front 28

Propanolol

Back 28

Non-selective beta blocker for local aneshthetic action but no partial agonist effect for HTN, angina, arrhythmias, migraine, hyperthy. and tremor

Front 29

Timolol

Back 29

Beta blocker for arrhythmia prophylaxis after MI by reducing automaticity of all cardiac pacemaker; also in glaucoma by dec. secretion of aqueous humor

Front 30

Clonidine

Back 30

Alpha2 agonist acts central to recuce SANS outflow, lower BP in HTN and drug dependency

Front 31

Guanethidine

Back 31

Sympathomimetic postganglionic neuron blocker by depleting adrenergic nerve terminal of its NEPI and can lower BP

Front 32

Reserpine

Back 32

Sympathomimetic postganglionic neuron blocker by depleting adrenergic nerve terminal of its NEPI and can lower BP

Front 33

Amlodipine

Back 33

Calcium channel blocker to reduce blood pressure and relieve angina

Front 34

Diltiazem

Back 34

Calcium channel blocker for the treatment of angina

Front 35

Nifedipine

Back 35

Calcium channel blocker to treat angina

Front 36

Verapamil

Back 36

Calcium channel blocker that blocks L-type channels; cardiac dpressant and vasodilator; used in HTN, angina, and arrhythmias

Front 37

Captopril

Back 37

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for HTN, diabetic nephropathy and CHF

Front 38

Enalpril

Back 38

Angiotensin antagonist ACE inhibitor

Front 39

Losartan

Back 39

Angiotensin AT1 receptor blocker used for HTN; similar to ACE inhibitor with less cough

Front 40

Acetazolamide

Back 40

Carbonic anhydrase-inhibiting diuretic actin in the proximal convoluted tubule producing HaHCO3 diuresis resulting in bicarb depletion and self limited; for glaucoma and mountain sickness

Front 41

Amiloride

Back 41

K+ sparing diruetic: blocks Na+ channels in cortical collecitng tubules

Front 42

Chlorothalodone

Back 42

Thiazide diuretic used to eliminate excess fluid and decrease HTN

Front 43

Furosemide

Back 43

Loop diuretic that blocks Na/K/2Cl transporter in thick ascending limb with high effiafy used in acute pulm. edema, hypercal. and HTN

Front 44

Hydrochlorothiazide

Back 44

Thiazide diuretic that acts in distal convoluted tubule to block Na/Cl transporter; used in HTN, CHF, nephrolithiasis

Front 45

Mannitol

Back 45

Osmotic diuretic for short term for reduction of intracranial pressure or to promote excretion of renal toxins

Front 46

Spironolactone

Back 46

Aldosterone receptor antagonist; K-sparing diuretic action in the collecting tublues; used in aldosteronism, HTN, and female hirsutism (androgen blocking action)

Front 47

Triamterene

Back 47

K-sparing diuretic that acts by bocking the sodium channels in the same portion of the nephron increases sodium clearance

Front 48

Ceterizine

Back 48

Antihistamine may cause drowsiness

Front 49

Chlorpheniramine

Back 49

Histamine H1 antagonist, newer first-generation agent with less sedation

Front 50

Dimenhydrinate

Back 50

Histamine H1 antagonist used for motion sickness

Front 51

Diphenhydramine

Back 51

Antihistamine H1 blocker (first generation): used in hay fever, motion sickness, dystonia and to manage chemo-induce vomiting

Front 52

Fexofenadine

Back 52

Second-generation H1 blocker and less lipid soluble with less sedating and autonomic effects

Front 53

Loratadine

Back 53

Second-generation H1 antihistamine; used in hay fever

Front 54

Sumatriptan

Back 54

5-HT1D receptor agonist used to abort migraine attacks

Front 55

Dihydroergotamine

Back 55

Migraine nasal spray

Front 56

Aspirin

Back 56

NSAID inhibits COX1 and COX2 irreversibly; antiplatlet agent as well as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug

Front 57

Celecoxib

Back 57

Selective COX2 inhibitor act mainly on enzymes of cells invoved in inflammation; used in rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory disorders

Front 58

Ibuprofen

Back 58

NSAID: reversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenases with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory actions similar to aspirin, but no low-dose antiplatelet effect

Front 59

Indomethacin

Back 59

NSAID: highly potent usually reserved for acute inflammation like gout, not chronic inflamm.

Front 60

Naproxen

Back 60

Non-selective NSAID that reveribly inhibits COX1 and COX2 and interfere with arachidonic binding

Front 61

Etanercept

Back 61

DMARD: recombinant protein that binds TNF; effective by injection for RA and other severe inflammatory disease

Front 62

Methotrexate

Back 62

Antineoplastic, immunosuppressant; cell cycle-specific drug that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

Front 63

Acetaminophen

Back 63

Antipyretic analgesic: very weak cyclooxygenase inhibitor; not anti-inflammatory with less GI distress than aspirin, but dangerous overdose

Front 64

Allopurinal

Back 64

Antigout: suicide inhibitor of xanthine oxidase; reduces production of uric acid used in gout and adjunctively in cance chemotherapy

Front 65

Meloxicam

Back 65

NSAID to relieve pain and stiffness in osteroarthritis

Front 66

Colchicine

Back 66

Microtubule assembly inhibitor: reduces mobility and phagocytosis by WBCs in gout-intflammed joints

Front 67

Probenecid

Back 67

Uricosuric: inhibitor of renal weak acid seretion and reabsorption in S2 segment of proximal tubule; prolongs half-life of penicillin, accelerates clearance of uric acid used in gout

Front 68

Sodium salicylate

Back 68

Carboxylic acid with analgesic properties

Front 69

Metaprolol

Back 69

Selective B1 receptor antagonist used to lower blood pressure

Front 70

Long-acting Nifedipine

Back 70

Calcium channel blocker useful in the management of HTN

Front 71

Atorvastatin

Back 71

HMG co-A reductase inhibitor powerful anti-lipidemic medication

Front 72

Theophylline

Back 72

a methylxanthine derivative useful in the management of COPD

Front 73

Combivent

Back 73

contains albuterol (beta adrenergic agonist) and ipratropium (muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist usefu in the treatment of COPD as bronchodilator

Front 74

Prednisone

Back 74

a orticosterioid man uses here utilized to treat the inflammation resultant from COPD and osteoarthritis

Front 75

Ranitidine

Back 75

and H2 histamine receptor antagonist useful for the treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia

Front 76

Mylanta

Back 76

an antacid usful for the treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia

Front 77

Diazepam

Back 77

a benzodiazepine useful in the treatment of insominia

Front 78

Ciprofloxacin

Back 78

penetrates the prostate gland and therefore is effective in bacterial prostatitis, whereas most antibiotics do not enter the prostate and are therefore ineffective in prostatities

Front 79

Penicillin

Back 79

actively transported into the proximal tublues and is therfore repidly exreted by the kidneys

Front 80

Raloxifene

Back 80

for treatment of osteroporosis in post-menapausal women is transported by the liver into the intestines where it is reabsorbed therefore it last a long time in the body

Front 81

PGE2

Back 81

vasodilatation, pain sensitization, gastric cytoprotection

Front 82

PGF2

Back 82

Bronchoconstriction, uterine contraction

Front 83

PGI2

Back 83

inhibit platelet aggregation, gastric cytoprotection

Front 84

TxA2

Back 84

Platelet aggregation

Front 85

COX1

Back 85

GI cytoprtection, platelet activity and renal function