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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epinephrine
(Adrenergic Agonist) |
Adrenergic Agonist
Alpha 1, Beta 1, Beta 2 Is is a Catecholamine (not take it orally, short half-life, doesn't cross BBB). Expect side effects because of so many receptors being activated. Hypertension, Angina, Necrosis following IV Extravasation, Hyperglycemia, Dysrhythmias. |
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Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
(Adrenergic Agonist) |
Activates Beta 1 and 2 (B1 and 2 Agonist)
Used for Bronchospasm with anesthesia. Used for Cardiovascular disorders (AV heart block, CA, Increase CO). Side Effects = Tachydysrhythmias and Angina. Hyperglycemia in Diabetic patients. |
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Terbutaline (Brethine)
(Adrenergic Agonist) |
Used in pre-term labor.
Primarily Beta 1, but can be minimal Beta 2. Noncatecholamine and causes primary bronchodilation and uterine relaxation. |
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Dopamine
(Adrenergic Agonist) |
Catecholamine
Binds to Beta 1 and Dopamine Receptors. Used to treat shock (increases CO and dialtes renal blood vessels) and heart failure (increases myocardial contractility) and Acute Renal Failure (increases renal blood flow and urine output). |
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Dobutamine
(Adrenergic Agonist) |
Causes selective activation of Beta 1.
Used for only Heart Failure |
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Prazosin (Minipress)
(Adrenergic Alpha Blocker) |
Selective for Alpha 1
Causes dilation of arterioles and veins. Causes relaxation of bladder neck and prostatic capsule. Used for hypertension and BPH. |
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Phentolamine
(Adrenergic Alpha Blocker) |
Blocks Alpha 1 and Alpha 2.
Used for Pheochromocytoma. Used to prevent tissue necrosis following extravasation of drugs that produce Alpha 1 vasoconstriction. |
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Terazosin (Hytrin)
(Adrenergic Alpha Blocker) |
Selective antagonist for Alpha 1
Approved for use in Hypertension and BPH. |
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Propranolol (Inderal)
(Beta Blocker) |
Nonselective for Beta 1 and 2.
Treats angina, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, and MI. |
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Metoprolol (Lopressor, ToprolXL)
(Beta Blocker) |
Blocks Beta 1.
At high doses, can block Beta 2 |
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Atenolol (Tenormin)
(Beta Blocker) |
Blocks Beta 1
Preferred for patients with Diabetes and Asthma. Primarily used to treat Hypertension. |
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Bethanechol (Urecholine)
(Cholinergic Agent) |
Activates all the parasympathetic responses.
Activates muscarinic receptors. Relieves urinary retention. |
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Atropine
(Anticholinergic Agent, most common) |
Preop med to reduce salivary secretions and maintain heart rate.
Increase heart rate when bradycardia is present. Dilate pupils for eye exams |
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What are adverse side effects of Anticholinergic Agents?
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Tachy
Urinary Retention Dry Mouth/Dry Eyes Blurred Vision Increase in Intraocular Pressure (contraindicated for patients with glaucoma) Constipation |
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Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
(Anticholinergic Agent) |
Urinary Tract Antispasmodic
Treats an overactive bladder. Used for Incontinence |
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Tolterodine (Detrol)
(Anticholinergic Agent) |
Used for overactive bladder only
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Scopolamine (Anticholinergic Agent)
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Motion sickness and eye examination
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Ipratropium (Atrovent)
(Anticholinergic Agent) |
Used for asthma, COPD, and rhinitis.
Administered by inhaler |
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Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
(Anticholinergic Agent) |
Used for IBS.
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Alpha 1
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Vasoconstriction
Mydriases (Pupil Dilation) Bladder Contraction Prostate Contraction |
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Alpha 2
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GI decrease in tone and motility.
Regulate BP by reducing Norepi from Alpha 1. |
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Beta 1
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Increase contractility of heart.
Increase in heart rate. Increase Renin from kidneys |
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Beta 2
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Decreased GI tone and motility.
Bronchodilation. Relaxation of uterus. Increased blood sugar from liver. |
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Malfeasance
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Correct drug but wrong route.
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Nonmalfeasance
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Omitting a drug dose.
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Misfeasance
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Wrong drug or drug dose.
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The Pure Food and Drug Act
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Government power to control drug labeling.
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Alpha 1
|
Vasoconstriction
Mydriases (Pupil Dilation) Bladder Contraction Prostate Contraction |
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Alpha 2
|
GI decrease in tone and motility.
Regulate BP by reducing Norepi from Alpha 1. |
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Sherley Amendment
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Prohibited sale of drugs labeled with false therapeutic claims.
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Food, Drug, Cosmetic Act
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Prevented marketing of drugs not thoroughly tested.
Required NDA to be submitted. |
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Beta 1
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Increase contractility of heart.
Increase in heart rate. Increase Renin from kidneys |
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Beta 2
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Decreased GI tone and motility.
Bronchodilation. Relaxation of uterus. Increased blood sugar from liver. |
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Malfeasance
|
Correct drug but wrong route.
|
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Nonmalfeasance
|
Omitting a drug dose.
|
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Misfeasance
|
Wrong drug or drug dose.
|
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The Pure Food and Drug Act
|
Government power to control drug labeling.
|
|
Sherley Amendment
|
Prohibited sale of drugs labeled with false therapeutic claims.
|
|
Food, Drug, Cosmetic Act
|
Prevented marketing of drugs not thoroughly tested.
Required NDA to be submitted. |
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Harris-Kefauver Amendment
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Drug must be proved to be effective before marketing.
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Control Substance Act
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Set rules for manufactures and distribution of drugs considered to have potential for abuse.
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Accelerated Approval for Drugs for AIDS and Cancer
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FDA recognized need for fast approval of drugs for this need.
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Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act
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Clear labeling of dietary supplements.
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FDA Modernization Act
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Financial incentives to do pediatric research on existing drugs.
Allowed FDA to hire 700 employess. Off Label drug use. |