Pharm Dr. Krugger Drugs Of Abuse/opioid Analgesics

Front 1

Inhalant anesthetics

Back 1

NO, chloroform, and diethyl ether

Front 2

Toxic to the liver, kidney, lungs, bone marrow, peripheral nerves, and cause brain damage in animals, sudden death has occurred following inhalation

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Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents

Front 3

Cause dizziness, tachycardia, hypotension, and flushing

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Organic nitrites

Front 4

Causes acne, premature closure of epiphyses, masculinization in females, hepatic dysfunction, MI, and increases in libido and aggression

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Steroids

Front 5

Readily detected markers that may assist in diagnosis of the cause of a drug overdose include

Back 5

Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, body temperature, sweating, bowel signs, and pupillary responses

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Most commonly abused in health care professionals

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Heroin, morphine, oxycodone, meperidine and fentanyl

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This route is associated with rapid tolerance and psychologic dependence

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IV administration

Front 8

Leads to respiratory depression progressing to coma and death

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Overdose of opioids

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Lacrimation, rhinorrhea, yawning, sweating, weakness, gooseflesh, nausea, and vomiting, tremor, muscle jerks, and hyperpnea are signs of this syndrome

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Abstinence syndrome

Front 10

Treatment for opioid addiction

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Methadone, followed by slow dose reduction

Front 11

This agent may cause more severe, rapid and intense symptoms to a recovering addict

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Naloxone

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Sedative-Hypnotics action

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Reduce inhibition, suppress anxiety, and produce relaxation

Front 13

Additive effects when Sedative-Hypnotics used in combination with these agents

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CNS depressants

Front 14

Common mechanism by which overdose result in death

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Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers

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"Date rape drug"

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Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)

Front 16

The most important sign of withdrawal syndrome

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Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)

Front 17

Treatment of withdrawal syndrome involves

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Long-acting sedative-hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose, clonidine or propranolol

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These agents are CNS depressants

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Ethanol, Barbiturates, and Benzodiazepines

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Withdrawal from this drug causes lethargy, irritability, and headache

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Caffeine

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W/D from this drug causes anxiety and mental discomfort

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Nicotine

Front 21

Treatments available for nicotine addiction

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Patches, gum, nasal spray, psychotherapy, and bupropion

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Chronic high dose abuse of nicotine leads to

Back 22

Psychotic state, overdose causes agitation, restlessness, tachycardia, hyperthermia, hyperreflexia, and seizures

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Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs

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Amphetamines

Front 24

Amphetamine agents

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Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine

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These agents are congeners of Amphetamine

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DOM, STP, MDA, and MDMA "ecstasy"

Front 26

Overdoses of this agent with powerful vasoconstrictive action may result in fatalities from arrhythmias, seizures, respiratory depression, or severe HTN (MI and stroke)

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Cocaine "super-speed"

Front 27

Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs, OD leads to nystagmus, marked hypertension, and seizures, presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic

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PCP

Front 28

Removal of PCP may be aided

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Urinary acidification and activated charcoal or continual nasogastric suction

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THC is active ingredient, SE's include impairment of judgment, and reflexes, decreases in blood pressure and psychomotor performance occur

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Marijuana