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217 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What does DUMBELS stand for??
Insecticides and Humanicides |
Diarrhea
Urination Miosis Bronchorrhea Bronchospasm Bradycardia Excitation Lacrimation Salivation |
|
What are the antidotes to Insecticides and Humanicides?
|
Atropine
Pralidoxime (Prorpam, 2-PAM) |
|
What is the DOC for Pagets?
|
Bisphosphanates
|
|
What is the prevention for osteoporosis due to long term steroid use?
|
Bisphosphanates
|
|
What drug has a analgesic effect for bone pain?
|
Micalcin
|
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What is the TOC for the prevention of rapid bone loss in early menopause?
|
HRT with estrogen/progesterone
|
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The depolarizing drug used for the reversal of the NM blockade in surgery is
|
Succs
|
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The Non-depolarizing drugs used for the reversal of the NM blockade in surgery are...
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Curare
Atracurium Pipecuronium Pancuronium Vecuronium |
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The Anticholinesterase drugs used for the reversal of the NM blockade in surgery are...
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Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) Edrophonium (Tensilon) |
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What is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that does not stimulate the estrogen receptors in endometrial or breast tissue and therefore does not increase the risk of CA?
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Evista
|
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T/F: Full and partial opioid agonists should be combined.
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False
|
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T/F: Opioid effects can place pts into respiratory failure.
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True
|
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T/F: Naltrexones lasts a lot longer than Naloxone.
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True
|
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T/F: All oral contraceptives supress ovulation by feedback inhibition which decreases secretion of FSH and LH.
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True
|
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What is a parkinson's drug that is now used for Restless Leg Syndrome?
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Requip (ropinirole)
|
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What drugs, used for BPH and HTN, can theoretically permit dilation of nasal arterioles and thereby cause nasal congestion as a SE.
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alpha-blockers (terazosin)
|
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T/F: alpha 1 blockers can cross react with some beta-1 receptors and cause your heart to do the M.C. Hammer.
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False.
They cause your heart to do the Funky Chicken. |
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DOC for MRSA?
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Vancomycin
|
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DOC for C.diff?
|
Vancomycin
|
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DOC for Otitis Media
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Amoxicillin
|
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DOC for Sinusitis
|
Amoxicillin
|
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DOC for Pneumonia
|
Amoxicillin
|
|
DOC for PCP
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TMP/SMX
|
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DOC for VRE
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Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
|
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DOC for Legionaire's
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E-mycin (philly= east side)
|
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DOC for severe anaerobic Gi infx
|
Clinamycin
|
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DOC for Acne
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Tet/Doxycycline
|
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DOC for Lyme
|
Doxycyline
|
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DOC for Chlamydia
|
Tet and Doxy
|
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DOC for Systemic Fungal Infx
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Amphoteracin B
|
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DOC for ORal Thrush
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Nystatin
|
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DOC for Vaginal Candidiasis
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Miconazole
|
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DOC for toe fungus
|
Terbinafine
|
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DOC for Protozoans
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Metronidazole
|
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DOC for Scabies and LIce
|
Lindane
|
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DOC for Pinworms
|
Mebendazole
|
|
DOC for Roundworms
|
Mebendazole
|
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DOC for Pseudomonas
|
Ticarcillin
|
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DOC for Mycoplasma and CAP
|
Macrolides (-mycins)
|
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Used to tx anaerobes
|
Metronidazole
Chloramphenicol Clindamycin |
|
Used to tx TB
|
Isoniazid
Rifampin Rifabutin Pyrizinamide Streptomycin Capreomycin para-aminosalcylic acid Ethambutol Cycloserine |
|
AE for Vancomycin
|
Thrombophlebitis
Ototoxicity Nephrotoxicity Red Man Syndrome |
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Tx for Gram neg and pos and Beta Lactamase producing bacteria...
|
Amoxicillin + Clavulanate= Augmentin
|
|
SE of Augmentin
|
diarrhea
|
|
AE of Metronidazole
|
disulfiram rxn c/ EtOH
CNS disturbances Nausea Anorexia Bloating Cramping |
|
Good for atypical bacteria
|
E-Mycin
|
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SE of Clindamycin
|
C.diff
|
|
Pharmacodynamics of Tet and Doxy
|
Strong chelator, don't give wiht milk, antacid, Ca or Fe.
No CSF penetration Concentrated in the Liverd Excreted in feces and urine |
|
Tx for Allergic Rhinitis
|
Antihistamines
Decongestants Intranasal corticosteroids |
|
SE of Antihistamines
|
CNS
Anticholinergic |
|
1st generation Antihistamines
|
Diphenhydramine
Hydroxyzine Pheniramine Clemastine Cyproheptadine Promethazine Tripelennamine |
|
2nd generation Antihistamines
|
Ceirizine
Fexofenadine Loratadine Acrivastine Desloratidine |
|
Nasal Antihistamines
|
Azelastine
|
|
Oral Decongestants
|
pseudophedrine
|
|
Topical Decongestants
|
Naphazoline
Phenylephrine Oxymetazoline Oxymetazoline Tetrahydrozoline Xylometazoline |
|
Tx for Atopic Dermatitis
|
Steroids:
Aclovate Elidel |
|
What drug is most effective for all sx of Allergic Rhinitis?
|
Intranasal Corticosteroids
|
|
Tx for vaginal cadidiasis
|
Gynelotrimin
Diflucan |
|
Intranasal Corticosteroids
|
Beconase
Vancenase Rinocort Nasalide Flonase Nasacort Nasonex |
|
Tx for Acne rosacea
|
Metrogel
Clindagel |
|
Tx for Genital Herpes
|
Valtrex
|
|
Tx for Herpes Labialis
|
Abreva
Valtrex |
|
Tx Herpes Neuralgia
|
Zostrix
Elavil Neurontin |
|
Tx for UA
|
ASA
Clopidogrel Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa RB LMWH ACEi |
|
CI for UA
|
Thrombolytics
|
|
G IIb/IIIa RB
|
Abciximab (Reopro)
Tirofiban (aggrastat) Eptifibaide (Integrilin) |
|
Rx that prevent worsening of cardiac remodeling
|
ACEi
ARBs |
|
Tx for Heart Failure
|
ACEi
ARBs BB CCB Aldosterone Antogonists Digoxin Diureticsa |
|
Aldosterone Antagonists
|
Spironolactone
Hydralazine & Isosorbide Dinitrate |
|
Thiazide Diuretics
|
HTCZ
Chlorothiazide Metolazone |
|
Loop Diuretics
|
Furosemide
Bumetanide Torsemide |
|
CCB
|
Verapamil
Dilitiazem Amiodipine |
|
Herbal Immune booster
|
Echinacea
|
|
Herbal tx for migraines
|
feverfew
|
|
herbal mood elevator
|
ginseng
|
|
herbal tx for mod to severe depression
|
St.John's Wart
|
|
herbal weight loss
|
ephedra
|
|
herbal for menopause
|
Black Cohash
|
|
Tx algorithm for HTN
|
nonpharm--> thiazide--> ACEi, ARB, BB, CCB--> 2 drug combo
|
|
Alpha 1 Blockers
|
Doxazosin
Terazosin Prazosin |
|
HTN rx for pregnancy
|
Atenolol
Metoprolol Labetolol |
|
Useful COmbos
|
BB+ diuretic
ACEi+ diuretic ARBs+ diurectic CCB + ACEi |
|
HTN med used as migraine prophylaxis
|
Dihydropyridine
|
|
Non Cardioselective BB
|
Carteolol
Carvedilol Propanolol |
|
Hypertensive Emergency
|
Nitroprusside
Nicardipine Labetolol NTG hydralazine |
|
Low renin levels
|
Elderly Pt
AA Pts Use CCB and diuretics |
|
High Renin Levels
|
caucasians
use BB and ACEi |
|
HTN rx that is CI in Renal Artery Stenosis?
|
ARBs and ACEi
|
|
Alpha 1 Blocker use
|
pts with BPH, hyperlipidemia and improves lipid profile
|
|
ACEi and ARBs SE
|
cough
angioedema renal |
|
Dihydropyridine use
|
diastolic dysfxn and migraine
|
|
CCB CI
|
systolic HF
heart block monitor peripheral edema dizziness |
|
Nondihydropyridine
|
Verapamil
Diltiazem |
|
Dihydropyridine
|
Amlodipine
Felodipine Isradipine Nifedipine Nisoldipine |
|
Central Adrenergic Inhibitors
|
not 1st line for HTN
Clonidine Methyldopa Guanfacine Guanabenz |
|
What is the DOC for HTN in pregnancy?
|
Methyldopa
|
|
Direct Vasodilators
|
Hydralazine
Minoxidil |
|
Direct Vasodilators SE
|
lupus like syndrome
hair growth reflex tachycardia |
|
Tx for Stable ANgina
|
Nitrates
Beta Adrenergic blocking agents CCB Antiplatelets |
|
Nitrates
|
NTG
Isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide mononitrate |
|
recommended to prevent unstable angina, MI and death??
|
ASA
|
|
used in all pts with ischemic heart disease?
|
ASA
|
|
CI with use of VIagra?
|
Nitrates
|
|
1st line agent for stable angina in the absence of CI?
|
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
|
|
Selective Beta Adrenergic blocking agents
|
Atenolol
Metoprolol Acebutalol Betaxolol Bisprolol |
|
Non-selective Beta Adrenergic blocking agents
|
Nadolol
Propanolol Timolol Pinolol Labetolol Carvedilol |
|
Cardioselectivity
|
B1>b2
|
|
1st line tx for Prinzmetal's Angina?
|
CCB
|
|
CCB CI
|
AV block s/ pacemaker
bradycardia systolic HF |
|
Thienopyridines
|
Clopidogrel
Ticlopidine |
|
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
|
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
|
|
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors CI
|
Active liver disease
|
|
Bile Acid Resin
|
Cholestyramine (Questran, Prevalite)
Colestipol (Colestid) Colesevelam (WelChol) |
|
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
|
Lovastatin
Simvastatin Pravastatin Fluvastatin Atorvastatin Rosuvastatin Cervivastatin |
|
Fibric Acid derivatives
|
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
Fenofibrate (Lofibra, TriCor) |
|
Niacin
|
Niacor
Slo-Niacin Niaspan |
|
SE of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
|
Myalgias
Rhabdomyolysis Myopathy inc'd Liver Enzymes |
|
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors CI
|
Liver Disease
|
|
CI of Bile Acid Resins
|
High TG
|
|
Niacin CI
|
liver dz
severe gout hyperuricemia |
|
Quick relief of Asthma and COPD
|
B2 agonists
Anticholinergics |
|
Quick acting B2 agonists
|
Albuterol
Pirbuterol Levalbuterol |
|
Corticosteroids for Asthma and COPD
|
Beclomthasone
Budesonide Flunisolide Flunisolide Fluticasone Triaminolone |
|
Long acting B2 agonists
|
Salmeterol
Formoterol |
|
Mast Cell Stabilizers
|
Cromolyn
Nedocromil |
|
Leukotriene modifiers
|
Zafirlukast
Montelukast |
|
Anti-IgE Ab for Asthma and COPD
|
Omalizumab
|
|
Anticholinergic agent for Asthma and COPD
|
Ipratropium
|
|
Long Term Control of Asthma and COPD
|
Corticosteroids
Long term B2 agonists Mast cell stabvilizer Leukotriene modifiers Theopjhylline Anti-IgE Ab |
|
DM 2 tx for the obese pt...
|
Metformin
|
|
SE of Sulfonylureas
|
Hypoglycemia
photosensitivity GI distress disulfiram rxn |
|
DM2 and HTN TOC
|
ACEi
|
|
DM2 and Dyslipidemia
|
Statins
|
|
DM2 and heart problems
|
ASA
|
|
2nd generations sulfonylurea
|
Glimeperide
Glipizide Glyburide |
|
1st generations Sulfonylueas
|
Acetohexamide
Chlorpropamide Tolazamide Tolbutamide |
|
DM2 rx CI in pregnancy
|
Sulfonylurea
|
|
These DM2 rx DO NOT CAUSE HYPOGLYCEMIA as a monotherapy...
|
Metformin
Thiazolidinedones Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
|
Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
|
Troglitazone
Pioglitazone Rosiglitazone |
|
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
|
Acorbose
Miglitol |
|
Meglitinides
|
Repaglinide
Netaglinide |
|
Targets postprandial hyperglycemia
|
Pramlintide
|
|
Vitamin D Analogs
|
Calcitrol
Doxercelciferol Dihydrotachysterol Paricacitol |
|
SE of high Ca intake
|
dyspepsia
constipation risk of nephrolithiasis |
|
Ca Carbonate Preps
|
Alka Mints
Caltrate Oyster shell Ca Oscal Tums Viactive |
|
Bone Mineral Homeostasis Tx
|
Vit D analogs
Calcium preps Calcium Citrate Preps |
|
Calcium Citrate Preps
|
Citracal
|
|
Ca Phosphate preps
|
Posture
|
|
Tx of Osteoporosis
|
Estrogen
Bisphosphonates Calcitonin Selective estrogen receptor modulators PTH Fluoride Calcitrol |
|
Estrogen
|
Ethinyl estradiol
Estrone Esterified estrogen |
|
Bisphosphanates
|
Etidronate
Clodronate Tiludronate Pamidronate ALendronate Risedronate |
|
SERM
|
Evista
Tamoxifen |
|
Thioamides
|
Propylthiouracil
Methimazole |
|
Thioamides Toxicity
|
MP rash c/ fever
|
|
Thyroid products
|
Liothyronine
Liotrix Levothyroxine |
|
Tx for Hyperthyroid
|
Thiamides
|
|
PPIs
|
Prevacid
Prilosec Nexium Aciphex Protonix |
|
H2 Blockers
|
Cimentidine (Tagamet)
Nizatidine (Axid) Ranitidine (Zantac) Famotidine (Pepcid) |
|
Protect esophgeal mucosa
|
Alginic acid
Sucralfate |
|
Prokinetic agents
|
Bethanechol Chloride
Metoclopramide Cisapride Macrolides |
|
IBS Constipation Tx
|
Fiber
Stool Softenedr Psyllium Tegraserod (Zelnorm) |
|
IBS Diarrhea Tx
|
Eliminate Sorbitol and lactose
Cholestyramine if bile malabsorption is present Loperamide Alosetron (lotronex) |
|
Encephalopathy Tx
|
Kristalose (lactulose)
|
|
IBD Tx
|
Mesalamine
|
|
Mesalamine
|
Rowasa
Asacol Pentasa |
|
Pain Management Adjuvants
|
TCAs
SSNRIs Antoconvulsants |
|
TCAs
|
Amitripyline
Nortripyline Imipraline Desipramine Clomipramine Doxepin |
|
SSNRIs
|
Cymbalta
|
|
Tx for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
|
Cymbalta
Lyrica (Pregabalin) |
|
Tx for Post Herpetic Neuralgia
|
Lyrica (Pregabalin)
|
|
Anticonvulsants
|
Carbamezapine (Tegretol)
Phenytoin (Dilantin) Lyrica (Pregabalin) Lamotrigine (Lamictal) Oxcarbazepine Torpiramate |
|
Weak Opioid Agonists
|
Ultram (tramadol)
Codeine (tylenol #3) Hydrocodone (Lorcet, Vicodin, Vicoprofen, Norco) |
|
Strong Opioid Agonists
|
Morphine
Oxycodone (Oxycotin) HYdromorphone (Pallidone) Fentanyl Methadone |
|
Smoking Cessation Non-Nicotine Therapy
|
Buproprion (Zyban)
TCAs Behavioral Modification |
|
Most popular dose of estrogen in OCP
|
35mg or less of ethinyl estradiol
|
|
Starting dose of ethinyl estradiol
|
less than 50mcg initally
|
|
Emergency Contraception
|
Yuzpe Investigation
up to 72 hrs post unprotected sex Use Meclizine or diphenhydramine to prevent nausea |
|
SE of OCP
|
Nausea
Breat tenderness thromboembolic effects |
|
What is a potent anti-progesterone?
|
Mifepristone aka the abortion pill
single dose of 600mg c/in 72 hrs of UPsex |
|
Anti-Anxiety Therapy
|
Benzos
Buspirone SSRI SNRI |
|
Benzos antidote
|
FLumazenil
|
|
Buspirone
|
lacks abuse potential
no cognitive and resp depressant effects start buspirone weeks before benzos |
|
Benzos uses
|
really effective for anxiety
GAD PTSD OCD |
|
Insomnia Therapy
|
Antihistamine
L-Tryptopham Valerian Melatonin EtOH |
|
Antihistamine
|
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine (Unisom) |
|
Benzos
|
Flurazepam
Temazepam Estazolam Triazolam |
|
Non-benzo insomnia therapy
|
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Zolpidem (Ambien) Eszopiclone (Lunesta) |
|
Melatonin-Receptor Agonist
|
Ramelteon (Rozerem)
|
|
How long should sleep aids be used?
|
Short term use
3-5x/week except for lunesta |
|
Seratonin Syndrome
|
agitation
diaphoresis diarrhea fever hyperreflexia incoordination mental status changes myoclonus shivering tremor |
|
Seratonin Syndrome causes
|
Meperidine
St Johns Wart Cold remedies diet pills with dextromethrophan sympathomimetics |
|
What is the most effective tx for major depression?
|
ECT
|
|
TOC for Acute suicidality
|
ECT
|
|
Depression Rx
|
MAOi
TCA Dibenzoxapine Tetracyclic Triazolopyridine Monocyclic Aminoketone SSRI SSNRI |
|
Which depression rx have anticholinergic SE?
|
TCA
|
|
TCA
|
Amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep)
Nortripyline (Pamelor, Aventyl) Protriptyline (Vivactil) Imipramine (Toranil) Trimipramine (Surmontil) Desipramine (Norpramin, Pertofrane) Doxepin (Sinequan, Adapin) |
|
Dibenzoxazepine
|
Amoxapine (Asendin)
|
|
Tetracyclic
|
Maprotiline (Ludiomil)
Mirtazapine (Remeron) |
|
Triazolopyridine
|
Trazodone (Desyrel)
Nefazodone (Serzone) |
|
Monocyclic Aminoketone
|
Buproprion (Wellbutrin)
|
|
SSRI
|
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (Paxil) Fluvoxamine (Luvox) Citalopram (Celexa) Escitalopram (Lexapro) |
|
SSNRI
|
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta) |
|
DOC for Bipolar disorder
|
Sodium Valproate (depakote)
|
|
Bipolar disporder Tx
|
LIthium
Tegretol Depakote Lamictal Topamax Neurontin Zyprexa |
|
Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
|
Non- Ergotamine Dopamine Agonists
-Pramipexole (Mirapex) -Ropinirole (requip) |
|
Tx of Alzheimer's Disease
|
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
-Tacrine (Cognex) -Donepezil (Aricept) -Rivastigmine (Exelon) -Gelantamine (Reminyl) |
|
Decogestants
|
Phenylephrine
Ephedrine oxymetazoline |
|
Anaphylactic Shock Tx
|
EPI and Antihistamine (Benadryl)
Steroid (Methylprednisone) |
|
Premature Labor Tx
|
Ritodrine and Terbutaline
Relax the uterus |
|
Tx fro overactive Bladder
|
Oxybutynin
Tolterodine Trospium Darifenacin Ditropan Detrol LA Sanctura Enablex |
|
Muscle Relaxers
|
Valium (Diazepam)
Lioresal (Baclofen) Zanaflex (Tizanidine) Dantium (Dantrolene) |
|
Which muscle relaxer inhibits the excitation-contraction coupling?
|
Dantrolene
|
|
TOC for Status Epilepticus
|
Valium (Diazepam)
|
|
Decreases EtOH cravings?
|
Lioresal (Baclofen)
|
|
Tx for Glaucoma
|
Cholinomimetics
-pilocarpine -carbachol -physostigmine |
|
Drug that is used to Dx Myasthenia Gravis?
|
Edrophonium (Tensilon)
|
|
used to tx B fragilis and staph
|
Clindamycin
|