Pharm Cancer Drugs

Front 1

Cyclophosphamide: side effects

Back 1

Bone marrow suppression; hemorrhagic cystitis

Front 2

Cyclophosphamide: class

Back 2

DNA cross-linker; non specific phase

Front 3

Cyclophosphamide: used to treat

Back 3

Breast cancer

Front 4

Nitrogen mustard drug

Back 4

Cyclophosphamide

Front 5

Cyclophosphamide: metabolite

Back 5

Acolein

Front 6

Two drugs that inhibit thymidylate synthase

Back 6

Methotrexate

Fluorouracil

Front 7

Drug given with methotrexate to allow purine synthesis

Back 7

Leucovorin

Front 8

Methotrexate: mechanism

Back 8

Competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase-->decreased protein synthesis

Inhibition of dihydrofolate-->no carbon moieties for thymidylate synthase-->dUMP can't be converted to dTMP-->pyrimidine shortage

Inhibition of dihydrofolate -->no substrates for purine synthesis

Front 9

Methotrexate: side effects

Back 9

Bone marrow suppression

Front 10

Fluorouracil: class

Back 10

Pyrimidine analog, non specific phase

Front 11

Methotrexate: class

Back 11

Folic acid analog, S specific phase

Front 12

Fluorouracil: treatment

Back 12

Solid tumors: breast, colon, stomach, NOT LEUKEMIA

Front 13

Flurouracil: mechanism

Back 13

Incorporates into DNA and RNA to cause strand breaks

Prevents ribosomal processing

Inhibits thymidylate synthase

Front 14

Fluorouracil: side effects

Back 14

Bone marrow suppression

Front 15

Non hormonal cancer drugs without bone marrow suppression side effect

Back 15

Bleomycin (pulmonary toxicity)

Cisplatin (renal toxicity)

Paclitaxel (neutropenia)

Front 16

Mercaptopurine: class

Back 16

Purine analog, S phase specific

Front 17

Mercaptopurine: mechanism

Back 17

Incorporation causes DNA strand breaks; inhibits RNA synthesis

Feedback inhibition in purine biosynthesis-->inhibits AMP synthesis at first and last step

Front 18

Doxorubin: side effects

Back 18

Bone marrow suppression and cardiac toxicity

Front 19

Paclitaxel: class

Back 19

Mitosis inhibitor

Front 20

Paclitaxel: treatment

Back 20

Prostate cancer

Front 21

Paclitaxel: mechanism

Back 21

Binds to and freezes tubulin-->alter formation of microtubulin and mitotic spindle-->cell is arrested in G2 or M phase

Front 22

Drug used with cyclophosphamide to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis

Back 22

MESNA

Front 23

Cisplatin: class

Back 23

DNA cross linker; non specific phase

Front 24

Bleomycin: class

Back 24

DNA cleaving drug; M or G2 phase

Front 25

Doxorubin: class

Back 25

DNA cleaving drug; non specific phase

Front 26

Bleomycin: mechanism

Back 26

Cleaves DNA by free radicals

Front 27

Why is there pulmonary toxicity with Bleomycin?

Back 27

No amino hydrolase to inactivate the drug

Front 28

Doxorubin: mechanism

Back 28

DNA cleaving by freezing topoisomerase II with free radicals

Front 29

Doxorubin: treatment

Back 29

Breast and prostate cancer

Front 30

Why is there cardiac toxicity with Doxorubin?

Back 30

Low level of catalase in the heart to inactivate superoxide anions.

Heart also has high levels of flavin centered reductases that activate doxorubin

Front 31

Hormonal drugs used in breast cancer

Back 31

Tamoxifen

Raloxifene

Fulvestrant

Letrozole (femara)

Front 32

Chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer

Back 32

Doxorubin

Fluorouracil

Cyclophosphamide/Ifosfamide

Herceptin

Front 33

Gleevec and Tykerb can be given to pregnant patients. True or false.

Back 33

False

Front 34

Gleevec: mechanism

Back 34

Inhibits bcr-abl, PDGF, kit tyrosine kinases

Also binds to intracellular ATP binding site

Front 35

Tykerb: mechanism

Back 35

Inhibits EGFR type 1 and 2

Also binds to intracellular ATP binding site

Front 36

Herceptin: mechanism

Back 36

Monoclonal antibody that inhibits p185, gene product of HER2

Front 37

Herceptin: treatment

Back 37

Breast cancer

Front 38

Herceptin: side effects

Back 38

Cardiac failure manifesting in CHF and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction

Front 39

Hormonal drugs used in prostate cancer

Back 39

Aminoglutethimide

Leuprolide

Flutamide

DES

Front 40

Methotrexate: uses

Back 40

Osteosarcoma and non-Hodgkins lymphoma

Front 41

Paclitaxol: side effects

Back 41

Neutropenia

Asymptomatic bradycardia

Alopecia

Front 42

Aminoglutethimide: mechanism

Back 42

Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone -->blocks first step of adrenal androgen production-->prevent testosterone synthesis

Front 43

Leuprolide: mechanism

Back 43

Desensitize GnRH receptor-->inhibit LH and FSH production

Front 44

Leuprolide: side effects

Back 44

Bone pain

Loss of libido

Front 45

Flutamide: mechanism

Back 45

Blocks binding of androgen to receptor

Front 46

Flutamide: side effects

Back 46

Osteoporosis

Decreased libido

Front 47

Diethylstilbestrol: mechanism

Back 47

Feedback inhibition of LH and FSH-->lower testicular androgen production

Front 48

Prednisone: class

Back 48

Corticosteroid suppression

Front 49

Prednisone: mechanism

Back 49

Bind to glucocorticoid receptor-->induce synthesis of caspase-->apoptosis

Front 50

Prednisone: side effects

Back 50

Acute tumor lysis syndrome

Hyperadrenocorticism

Front 51

What is given with Cisplatin to reduce renal toxicity?

Back 51

Saline

Front 52

Cisplatin preferentially binds to what nucleotide?

Back 52

Guanine

Front 53

What mechanism activates Bleomycin?

Back 53

Microsomal reduction

Front 54

Letrozole: mechanism

Back 54

Inhibits aromatase from producing estrogens in extra-adrenal tissues

Front 55

Fulvestrant: mechanism

Back 55

Binds ER receptor and induces down regulation