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53 Cards in this Set
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methotrexate phase specific?, use, and side effects
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inhibits S phase via inibiting DHFR and folate production; "method for ALL CORPS-ALL and choriocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis"; "drug from NIH may be BAD"-nephro, neurotoxic, interstitial pneumonitis, hepatotoxic, b.m. suppression, alopecia, disturbed GI; give leucovorin to avoid toxicity
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5-FU ez blocked, use, and toxicity; adjunct that can alleviate side effects
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blocks thymidylate synthase which is responsible for converting uracil to thymidine; used for "Food related tumors"-solid tumors of the GI and head/neck; very low therapeutic index; leucovorin can also be given to help S/E
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6-MP use and drug interaction
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analog of adenine that blocks DNA and RNA synth; "captures ALL purines"; interaction with allopurinol that decreases 6-MP degredation
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vincristine and use and toxicity
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cell cycle specific to M phase; inhibit assembly of microtubules; vinCristine = Children's tumors (WEAN-Wilm's, Ewing, ALL, Neuroblastoma); vinCristine makes children Cry because of neurotoxicity-peripheral neuropathy
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vinbalstine and use
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inhibit assembly of microtubules; vin BLastine = boy's testicular tumors
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paclitaxel
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inhibit depolymerization of microtubules; only inhibit cells in mitosis which is very few cells; "pack polymers so that they can't come undone"
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docetaxel
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inhibit depolymerization of microtubules; only inhibit cells in mitosis which is very few cells; think "pack polymers so that they can't come undone"
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etoposide and use and resistance
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"eTOPOside=TOPOisomerase inhibitor"; have many frags around which signals cell death; "ET is a young BOYwith alien LUNGS"-used to treat testicular cx and small cell of the lung; resistance is via MDR-1 pump
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teniposide and use
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inihbit topoisomerase so have many frags around which signals cell death; used in pediatric ALL
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DNA anitbiotics MOA and common ending
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interacalate with the DNA so that it causes single strand DNA breaks; -mycin "MY thINg = free rads"
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dactinomycin use and side effects
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intercalates with DNA; used for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma and Wilm's tumor; causes atrophy of thymus, spleen and lymphatic tissues
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doxorubicin and main tumor it is used for and side effect
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think of it "rubbing free itself into the DNA" and causing probs; intercalates with DNA; used for solid tumors esp. BREAST CX.; causes cardiomyopathy bc the dauntless ox has a big heart from constantly rubbing; causes red urine
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daunorubicin use and side effect
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"rubs itself into the DNA"-intercalates with DNA; "What a dauntless Idaho MALe"-used for AML and ALL; causes cardiomyopathy bc the dauntless ox has a big heart from constantly rubbing; red urine
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bleomycin use and toxicity; What distinguishes it from anti-metabolites?
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"blows free rads into DNA to cause probs"; intercalates with DNA; BLEomycin-boy's tumors(testicular cx), lymphoma, and epidermal cx(SCC); BLEomycin-spares Bone marrow, causes Lung fibrosis, and causes Erythema such as hyperpigmentation; very little myelosuppression which distinguishes it from the anti-metabolites
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alkylating agents and side effects
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can induce leukemia and profound myelosuppression
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What cell types are intrinsically resistant to alkylating drugs?
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cells with mutated p53; this is a problem with tumor cells that lack p53 which is often common;
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cyclophosphamide and use and side effects
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alkylating agent that cross-links DNA; "cyclops cross-linking DNA with the help of his G (guanine) buddies" good for Burkitt's and adjunct to post- br. cx surgery; "cyclops is BAD"-Bone marrow suppression, alopecia, and GI disturbance
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melphalan and use and unique side effect
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alkylating agent; "multiple phalynx for multiple myeloma"-used for multiple myeloma; does NOT cause alopecia
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carmustine and use and side effects
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alkylating agent; used to treat brain tumors because of a "Low Car that is able to penetrate the brain"; S/E: pulmonary fibrosis
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lumastine and use and side effect
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alkylating agent; used for brain tumors because of a "Low Car Mustang that is able to penetrate the brain"; S/E: pulmonary fibrosis
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streptozocin and use
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alkylating agent; "targets a strip of polypeptide that is insulin" - treats metastatic pancreatic islet cell
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busulfan and use and toxicity
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alkylating agent; "the BUS with a FAN rides in the CoMmon Lane and emits alot of smoke that is harmful to LUNGS-used in CML and causes pulmonary fibrosis
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cisplatin and use
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alkylating agent; used for testicular cancer "think of little cysts as testicles"
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carboplatin
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alkylating agent; carbOplatin used for Ovarian cx
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gleevac and 2 diseases it is used to treat
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inhibits bcr-abl tyr kinase seen in CML; also used to treat GIST
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tamoxifen
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SERM; used to treat br.cx; less effective in pre-menstrual women
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raloxifen
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SERM; used to treat osteoporosis and br. cx; 'ess effective in premenstrual women
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cyproterone
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steroidal anti-androgen; inhibits adrogen binding to receptor
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bicalutimide
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non-steroidal anti-androgen; inhibits translocation of androgen receptor into the nucleus
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megestrol
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MOA unclear
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leuprolide
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"Let the Goose Go Sever your axis so that your hormone production slides"; GnRH analog that causes receptor downregulation after the frist 10 days; used to reduce E2 levels; causes hot flashes
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goserelin
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GnRH analog
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exemestane
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steroidal aromatase inhibitor; lowers E2 and good for 2nd line tx of br cx along with Gn RH analogs (leuprolide and goserelin) and megesterol
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anastrozole
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imidazole aromatase inhibitor; lowers E2 and good for 2nd line tx of br. cx
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rituximab
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binds CD20 for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
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herceptin generic name and use
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trastuzumab; antibody to human epidermal growth factor 2; used to treat metastatic breast cx. that expresses HER2
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filgrastim
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G-CSF analog; used to prevent neutropenia
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sargraMostim
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GMMMM-CSF; used to help neutrophil recovery in AML
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pamidronate
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prevents hypercalcemia and bone resorption associated with malignancy
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leucovorin
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folate supplement
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leucovorin
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adjunct to methotrexate and 5-FU tx; leucovorin rescues normal cells from dying
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fludarabine phosphate and use
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adenosine analog that blocks ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase; "arabian fluid in a CeLL"-used for CLL
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cladribine and use
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deoxyadenosine analog that causes breaks in DNA; "clad (that) rib has hair thin metal on it" used to treat hairy cell leukemia
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cytarabine and use
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cytosine analog that inhibits DNA pol.; "that arabian site is good for a MALe" used to treat AML
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What are the three drugs used to treat testicular carcinoma?
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bleomycin, cisplatin, and etoposide; ET blows a CYST made of PLATINUM.
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topotecan and use
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inhibits topoisomerase in S phase; TOPotecan helps fight Tumors of the Ovaries and Pulmonary tissues (small cell)
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irinotecan
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inhibits topoisomerase in S phase; IRINiotecan is used for IRritant INtestinal tumors like colorectal cx
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dextrazoxane
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free radical scavenger that is given as adjunct to -rubicin an Abx to prevent cardiomyopathy; the dextrazoxane acts as a dexterous razor to cut the heart smaller
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chlorambucil and use
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used to treat CLL-"ChLorambuciL"
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mechlorethamine and use
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use to treat Hodgkin's; "Mechanic named Hodgkin"
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MOPP regimen components and use
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mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone; used to treat Hodgkin's
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-carbazine use and unique feature (procarbazine and dacarbazine)
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alkylating agent; used for Hodgkin's; lacks cross resistance with other mustard type alkylating agents
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imatinib mesylate aka and use and MOA
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gleevac used to treat CML; inhibits bcr-abl tyr kinase
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