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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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amphoterecin B; main side effect; fungicidal or fungistatic
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binds ergosterol and punches hole in membrane (fungacidal); nephrotoxicity
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nystatin
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binds ergosterol and punches hole in membrane
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-conazole; fungicidal or static; pH req'd for absorption
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lanosterol to ergosterol synth inhibited (fungistatic); block P450 ez called C-14-alpha sterol demethylase; resistance is common because static; need acidic pH for absorption
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turbinafine
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blocks ergosterol synth via squalene epoxidase
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caspofungin and use and side effect
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blocks beta-1,3 glucan synthase; CASP...=CAndida and ASPergillosis; "clasp mast cells to release histamine"
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flucytosine and use
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thymidylate synthase is blocked; blocks DNA and RNA synth; used in Crypto and Chromo
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What are 2 ways ampho B causes nephrotoxicity?
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AA vasoconstriction so reduce blood flow AND direct destruction of tubule cells so you waste Na and Mg
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Resistance to -conazole?
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increased efflux mostly, alter ergosterol
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Resistance to ampho?
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reduced ergosterol, previous exposure to azoles will decrease ergosterol and can help provide resistance to amph also
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What is the MC azole with resitance?
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fluconazole
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What are 5 resistance mechanisms to azoles?
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alter ERG11 gene (CYP450); overexpress CYP450; increase expression of efflux pumps (CDR1 and MDR1); change PL's in membrane to decrease permeability
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What are CDR1 and MDR1?
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efflux pumps for resistance to -conazoles
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griseofulvin
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inhibits microtubule formation
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FKS1 or GNS1 mutations
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resistance to echinocandin
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increase in CDR1 and MDR1
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resistance to azoles
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alteration in ERG11
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AZOLE RESISTANCE
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alteration in ERG 3 or 5
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azole resistance
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reduced ERG 2 or 3
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ampho resistance
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