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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Penicillins treat what type of infections?
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Respiratory (upper and lower)
Central nervous system (endocarditis) Urinary tract STD's |
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Penicillins work on which type of bacteria?
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Gram-positive
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Resistance to penicillins caused by?
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Penicillinases or beta lactamases (produced by bacteria)
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Beta-lactamase inhibitor?
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clavulanic acid
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Clavulanic acid + Amoxicillin =
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Augmentin
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Augmentin treats?
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Poly-microbial infections. (Intra-abdominal, gynecologic, skin, soft tissue, bites, foot infections in diabetic patients.)
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Physically incompatible with patenteral aminoglycosides?
(tobramycin, gentamicin) |
Augmentin
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cephalosporins
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Later generations of cephalosporins have more of which type of activity?
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More gram-negative activity but sacrifice gram-positive activity
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1st generation cephalosporins (Keflex, Ancef, Kefzol) treat?
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2nd generation cephalosporins treat (Ceclor)?
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CAP, Resp. infections, some skin infections, mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections.
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Only cephalosporin for MRSA?
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Teflaro
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Works by binding to ribosomes and preventing protein synthesis
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Macrolides
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Oldest macrolide?
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Advantage to newer macrolides (clarithromycin and azithromycin)?
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Longer half-life and fewer GI side effects
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Macrolides used to treat?
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STD's
Skin and soft tissue infections Respiratory infections |
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Bacteriacidal antibiotics developed in the 1990s?
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Aerobic, gram-positive
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UTIs
Pneumonia Meningeal prophylaxis No longer recommended for gonorrhea |
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Cipro and levaquin are?
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Adverse effects of this class of antibiotics may include: QT interval prolongation, tendon rupture, tendonitis, peripheral neuropathy.
Some may lower seizure threshold |
Fluoroquinolones
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This class of antibiotics may cause hypoglycemia with insulin?
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Fluoroquinolones
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Penetrate most tissues including CSF and synovial fluid?
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Works by interfering with folic acid synthesis
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Topicals are used with burns?
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Sulfonamides
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Sulfonamides penetrate which type o tissue
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Most including CSF and synovial
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This is a combined sulfonamide designed to increase efficacy
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Bactrim
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Sulfonamides are used to treat?
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UTIs
Pneumonia Toxoplasmosis MRSA (Community acquired) |
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Sulfonamides
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Tetracyclines
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Tetracyclines
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Tetracyclines are used to treat?
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Acne
Pelvic inflammatory disease Lyme disease Community acquired pneumonia MRSA (community acquired) |
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Adverse effects of tetracyclines?
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GI Side Effects, nausea, anorexia, vomiting.
Discoloration of teeth. Photosensitivity |
